题文
once upon a time, on an isolated island in the Java sea, lived short people who dominated(支配, 占优势) the food chain. Standing no more than three and a half feet tall, these human ancestors hunted giant rats, lumbering lizards（笨拙的蜥蜴), and miniature elephants.It sounds a bit like a fairy tale, but it's true. Unearthed relics on the island uncovered the remains of a race of tiny human ancestors. Homo floresiensis, as the newly discovered species has been named, apparently could date back to 13,000 years ago. This means they have a lot in common with modern humans.
So how and why did these people get so small? Scientists suspect that it's due to the fact that this race lived on an isolated island with limited resources. Take the miniature elephants for example. When elephants first came to the island either by swimming or by some kind of natural land raft, they were probably close to full size. But since there wasn't much to eat, over time smaller elephants lived longer and better. The smaller the elephant was, the less it had to eat to stay strong and healthy.
Scientists call this the "island role", and it can apply to humans as well as animals. Given the island's sparse(稀少) food supply, it makes sense that the early humans living there would have evolved (进化) a body size requiring less food to survive. So bigger isn't always better.
In the floresiensis, at least, getting smaller was the way to go.
小题1:According to the passage, the fact Homo floresiensis are very small is based on________.A．the islanders in the Java SeaB．the human ancestorsC．the unearthed relicsD．a newspaper report小题2: The underlined word "miniature" in the first paragraph most probably means______.A．tinyB．activeC．rareD．wild小题3:People on the island got so small because____________.A．they did not have enough food to eat.B．they gradually developed for lack of food.C．they shared less food with elephants.D．they remained alive as the elephants.小题4: What might be the most suitable title of the passage?A．The history of short peopleB．Short people from a fairy taleC．The proofs on short peopleD．Short people on an isolated island小题5:According to the passage, getting smaller can make people and animals ____A．run quicklyB．live longerC．live weakerD．run slowly 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:D
小题5:B
解析
小题1:细节题：从第一段的句子：Unearthed relics on the island uncovered the remains of a race of tiny human ancestors. 可知Homo floresiensis 个头矮小的事实是以出土文物为基础的，选C
小题2:猜词题：从第三段的句子：The smaller the elephant was, the less it had to eat to stay strong and healthy. 可知小象越小，吃的食物就越少，miniature和tiny意思相近，选A
小题3:细节题：从第三段的句子：Scientists suspect that it's due to the fact that this race lived on an isolated island with limited resources. 可知这些人之所以矮小是因为缺少食物，选B
小题4:标题题：从第一段的句子：once upon a time, on an isolated island in the Java sea, lived short people who dominated(支配, 占优势) the food chain.可知这篇文章讲的是孤岛上的矮人，选D
小题5:推理题：从第三段的句子: But since there wasn't much to eat, over time smaller elephants lived longer and better. 可以推断出，个子矮小的人和动物可以更长寿，选B
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“once upon a time, on.....”主要考查你对 [日常生活类阅读 ]考点的理解。日常生活类阅读
日常生活类阅读的概念：
日常生活这一话题主要涉及人们衣食住行等方面的活动。这一话题的选材主要针对人们日常的工作，生活以及学习情况。做这一类题时，最主要的是要把握好人物的活动内容，时间和地点。
日常生活类阅读题答题技巧：
【题型说明】
该类文章内容涉及到人们的言谈举止、生活习惯、饮食起居、服饰仪表、恋爱婚姻、消遣娱乐、节日起源、家庭生活等。文章篇幅短小，追根溯源，探索各项风俗的历史渊源，内容有趣。命题也以送分题为主，如事实细节题、语义转换题、词义猜测题和简单推理判断题等。虽然这类文章读起来感觉轻松，试题做起来比较顺手，但绝不能掉以轻心。因为稍不留神，就会丢分。
【备考提醒】
为了保证较高准确率，建议同学们做好以下几点：
1、保持正常的考试心态。笔者在教学中发现，越是容易的试题，同学们越是容易失分。为什么呢？因为在这种情况下，同学们极易产生麻痹思想，认为题目好做，就不引起高度重视，于是思维不发散、不周密。而命题人就是利用同学们的这一弱点，设计陷阱题。所以，无论试题难易与否，我们都要保持正常的考试心态。试题容易，不欣喜；试题难，不悲观。
2、根据前面讲到的方法，认认真真、细细心心做好事实细节题。
3、做好语义转换题。这类题是根据英语中一词多义和某些词语在文中能表达一定的修辞意义的原则而设计的。要求同学们解释某生词的含义，确定多义词或短语在文中的意思，确认文中的某个代词所指代的对象，或者对英语中特有的表达、格言、谚语进行解释。这种题要求同学们一定要根据上下文猜测词义或理解句子，切不可望文生义。
4、做好简单推理判断题。简单推理判断题要以表面文字为前提，以具体事实为依据进行推理，做出判断。这种推理方式比较直接，只要弄清事实，即可结合常识推断出合理的结论。
