题文
Over the last 70 years,researchers have been studying happy and unhappy people and finally found out ten factors that make a difference.Our feelings of well-being at any moment are determined to a certain degree by genes.However,of all the factors,wealth and age are the top two.Money can buy a degree of happiness.But once you can afford to feed,clothe and house yourself,each extra dollar makes less and less difference.
Researchers find that,on average,wealthier people are happier.But the link between money and happiness is complex.In the past half-century,average income has sharply increased in developed countries,yet happiness levels have remained almost the same.once your basic needs are met,money only seems to increase happiness if you have more than your friends,neighbors and colleagues.
“Dollars buy status,and status makes people feel better,”conclude some experts,which helps explain why people who can seek status in other ways—scientists or actors,for example—may happily accept relatively poorly-paid jobs.
In a research,Professor Alex Michalos found that the people whose desires—not just for money,but for friends,family,job,health—rose furthest beyond what they already had,tended to be less happy than those who felt a smaller gap(差距).Indeed,the size of the gap predicted happiness about five times better than income alone.“The gap measures just blow away the only measures of income,”says Michalos.
Another factor that has to do with happiness is age.Old age may not be so bad.“Given all the problems of aging,how could the elderly be more satisfied?”asks Professor Laura Carstensen.
In one survey,Carstensen interviewed 184 people between the ages of 18 and 94,and asked them to fill out an emotions questionaire.She found that old people reported positive emotions just as often as young people,but negative emotions much less often.
Why are old people happier?Some scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn to live with it,or they’re more realistic about their goals,only setting ones that they know they can achieve.But Carstensen thinks that with time running out,older people have learned to focus on things that make them happy and let go of those that don’t.
“People realize not only what they have,but also that what they have cannot last forever,”she says.“A goodbye kiss to a husband or wife at the age of 85,for example,may bring far more complex emotional responses than a similar kiss to a boy or girl friend at the age of 20.”
小题1:According to the passage,the feeling of happiness______.A．is determined partly by genesB．increases gradually with ageC．has little to do with wealthD．is measured by desires小题2:Some actors would like to accept poorly-paid jobs because the jobs______.A．make them feel much betterB．provide chances to make friendsC．improve their social positionD．satisfy their professional interests小题3:Aged people are more likely to feel happy because they are more______.A．optimisticB．successfulC．practicalD．emotional小题4:Professor Alex Michalos found that people feel less happy if______.A．the gap between reality and desire is biggerB．they have a stronger desire for friendshipC．their income is below their expectationD．the hope for good health is greater 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:C
小题4:A
解析
小题1:这是一道推断题。根据第一段“Our feelings of well-being at any moment are determined to a certain degree by genes.”可以推断出幸福感在一定程度上由基因决定。
小题2:这是一道推断题。根据第四段“‘Dollars buy status,and status makes people feel better’...which helps explain why people who can seek status in other way—scientists or actors,for example—may happily accept relatively poorly-paid jobs.”可以推断出演员接受收入低的工作是为了提升社会地位,使自己感觉更好。
小题3:这是一道归纳题。根据倒数第二段“Some scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn to live with it,or they’re more realistic about their goals”可以推断出老年人对待目标更加实际,所以可以感觉更幸福。
小题4:这是一道推断题。根据第五段“people whose desires...rose furthest beyond what they already had,tended to be less happy than those who felt a smaller gap.”可以推断出,如果现实和欲望差距比较大,比起相差不大的人幸福感差,也就是说感觉相对不幸福。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Over the last 70 yea.....”主要考查你对 [健康环保类阅读 ]考点的理解。健康环保类阅读
健康环保累阅读概念：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。体裁有记叙文、 说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类文章阅读技巧：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考，理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等。同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等。科普环保类文章一般为说明文，从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：
第一部分一般是文章的首段，主要用来提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；
第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；
第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题进行归纳总结。这类文章多用一般现在时，而且一般多使用客观性词语表述。有时为了强调客观性，也常使用被动语态。
从近几年的考试题来看，科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近。由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解。但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题。
【阅读策略】
1、概要(Summarizing)：
阅完材料后，将所阅材料浓缩，摘要，做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。
2、组织(Organization)：
阅读后根据阅读内容，识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如：时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。
