For well over a thousand years, smallpox was a disease that everyone feared. The

题文

For well over a thousand years, smallpox was a disease that everyone feared. The disease killed much of the native population in South America when the Spanish arrived there in the early sixteenth century. By the end of the eighteenth century, smallpox was responsible for about one in ten deaths around the world. Those who survived the disease were left with ugly scars on their skin.
It had long been well known among farmers that people who worked with cows seldom caught smallpox; instead, they often caught a similar but much milder disease called cowpox (牛痘) . A British doctor called Jenner was extremely interested in this, and so he studied cowpox. He believed that, by vaccinating (给接种疫苗) people with the disease, he could protect them against the much worse disease smallpox. In 1796, he vaccinated a boy with cowpox and, two months later, with smallpox. The boy did not get smallpox. In the next two years, Jenner vaccinated several children in the same way, and none of them got the disease．
News of the success of Jenner’s work soon spread. Vaccination soon became a common method to protect people against other diseases caused by virus, such as rabies (狂犬病), and vaccines were sent across the world to the United States and India.
It took nearly two centuries to achieve Jenner’s dream of getting free of smallpox from the whole world. In 1967, the world Health Organization (WHO) started a great vaccination program, and the last known case of smallpox was recorded in Somalia in 1977. The story of vaccinations does not end there, however. There are many other diseases that kill more and more people every year. Besides, many new diseases are being discovered. The challenge for medical researchers will, therefore, probably continue for several more centuries
小题1:Smallpox was so serious that _________________ by the end of l8th centuryA．its death rate was up to ten percentB．those who caught it were certain to dieC．one in ten people in the world died of smallpoxD．one in ten deaths in the world was caused by smallpox小题2:Edward Jenner discovered that vaccination with cowpox could ____________. A．make smallpox much milderB．stop people from getting smallpoxC．protect people against any diseaseD．prevent people’s scars after smallpox小题3:Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A．The first experiment with cowpox was made by a British doctor. B．After 1977 smallpox disappeared around the world according to WHO. C．Vaccination had existed among ordinary farmers before being discovered.D．Vaccination can be used to protect people in the world against not only smallpox.小题4:The author of the passage thinks that _________________. A．vaccinations bring many new problemsB．vaccinations end the spread of diseasesC．there is a long way to go to fight against diseasesD．there is a long way to go to discover new diseases 题型：未知难度：其他题型

答案

小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:C

解析

文章介绍了水痘的发明过程。
小题1:细节题。根据第一段第三行smallpox was responsible for about one in ten deaths around the world.
小题2:推理题。根据第二段最后三行he vaccinated a boy with cowpox and, two months later, with smallpox. The boy did not get smallpox. In the next two years, Jenner vaccinated several children in the same way, and none of them got the disease．可知vaccination with cowpox可以预防水痘。
小题3:推理题。疫苗是在被发明出来以后才为人所知的，并不是在发明之前在普通的农民中就存在的。
小题4:推理题。根据最后一句The challenge for medical researchers will, therefore, probably continue for several more centuries。可知与疾病做斗争还有很长的路要走的。

考点

据考高分专家说，试题“For well over a thou.....”主要考查你对 [健康环保类阅读 ]考点的理解。

健康环保类阅读

健康环保累阅读概念：

健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。体裁有记叙文、 说明文、议论文和各种应用文。

健康环保类文章阅读技巧：

   健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考，理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等。同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等。科普环保类文章一般为说明文，从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：
   第一部分一般是文章的首段，主要用来提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；
   第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；
   第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题进行归纳总结。这类文章多用一般现在时，而且一般多使用客观性词语表述。有时为了强调客观性，也常使用被动语态。
   从近几年的考试题来看，科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近。由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解。但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题。
【阅读策略】
1、概要(Summarizing)：
  阅完材料后，将所阅材料浓缩，摘要，做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。
2、组织(Organization)：
  阅读后根据阅读内容，识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如：时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。