题文
Cholera is a water-borne disease that is spread through polluted water and food. Cholera is an illness caused by the bacterium. It produces a poison that causes a painless , watery diarrhea( 痢疾) that can quickly lead to severe dehydration（脱水） and death if treatment is not given. Most persons infected with cholera do not become ill, although the bacterium is present in their waste for 7-14 days. When this illness does strike, more than 90% of the time is not severe and is difficult to tell from other types of diarrhea. Less than 10% of sick persons develop cholera with signs of moderate or severe dehydration.A person may get cholera by drinking water or eating food polluted with the cholera bacterium. The disease can spread rapidly in areas without the proper treatment of drinking water. The cholera bacterium may also live in the environment in dirty rivers and coastal waters. Shellfish eaten raw have been a source of cholera. Therefore, the disease is not likely to spread directly from one person to another.
Cholera can be simply and successfully treated by immediate replacement of the fluid and salts lost through diarrhea. Patients can be treated by being given a mixture of sugar and salt to be mixed with water and drunk in large amount. Antibiotics(抗生素) shorten the course and decrease the severity of the illness. To avoid cholera, we should eat well-cooked food instead of raw food.
小题1:If a person infected with cholera less than 7 days，he would probably .
A. die B. become sick C remain healthy D suffer from watery diarrhea
小题2:Which statement is true according to the passage?
A Cholera can spread directly from one person to another.
B. Eating raw food can help stop cholera.
C. Cholera is caused by watery diarrhea.
D. Polluted water and food can help spread cholera.
小题3: Cholera can be treated by .A．replacing the blood in the body.B．eating a lot of water mixed with sugar and salt and using antibiotics.C．eating a large amount of sugar and saltD．drinking a lot of water and eating a large amount of food.小题4:In order to avoid cholera, people should .
A inject antibiotics B eat the food thoroughly cooked
C eat raw food D. avoid meeting other people 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:B
解析
文章介绍了霍乱的传播方式以及治疗手段。
小题1:C 细节题。根据第一段4,5行Most persons infected with cholera do not become ill, although the bacterium is present in their waste for 7-14 days.说明感染霍乱的人一开始的时候并没有感觉到生病，故C正确。
小题2:D 细节题。根据第二段1,2行 A person may get cholera by drinking water or eating food polluted with the cholera bacterium.说明被污染的水喝食物会导致人们患霍乱，故D正确。
小题3:B 细节题。根据第三段2,3行Patients can be treated by being given a mixture of sugar and salt to be mixed with water and drunk in large amount说明B正确。
小题4:B 推理题。根据文章最后一句To avoid cholera, we should eat well-cooked food instead of raw food.我们应该吃完全煮熟的食物，而不能吃生的食物，故B正确。
点评：此类阅读可能生词较多，阅读时要注意猜测词义，要在语境中理解掌握。提高推理能力。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Cholera is a water-b.....”主要考查你对 [健康环保类阅读 ]考点的理解。健康环保类阅读
健康环保累阅读概念：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。体裁有记叙文、 说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类文章阅读技巧：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考，理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等。同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等。科普环保类文章一般为说明文，从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：
第一部分一般是文章的首段，主要用来提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；
第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；
第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题进行归纳总结。这类文章多用一般现在时，而且一般多使用客观性词语表述。有时为了强调客观性，也常使用被动语态。
从近几年的考试题来看，科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近。由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解。但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题。
【阅读策略】
1、概要(Summarizing)：
阅完材料后，将所阅材料浓缩，摘要，做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。
2、组织(Organization)：
阅读后根据阅读内容，识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如：时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。
