题文
How Americans Began to Eat TomatoesPeople have strange ideas about food. For example, the tomato is a kind of very delicious vegetable. It is one of useful plants that can be prepared in many ways. It has rich nutrition and vitamin in it. But in the 18th century, Americans never ate tomatoes. They grew them in their gardens because tomato plants are so pretty. But they thought the vegetable was poisonous (有毒的). They called tomatoes “poison apples.”
President Thomas Jefferson, however, knew that tomatoes were good to eat. He was a learned man. He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes. He grew many kinds of tomatoes in his garden. The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup. This beautiful pink soup was served at the President’s party. The guests thought the soup tasted really good. They never thought their president would serve his honored guests poison apples. Jefferson never spoke to his honored (忠实的) guests about the fact.
小题1:From the passage we know all the honored guests invited by Jefferson were .A．people from other countriesB．from FranceC．people of his own countryD．men only小题2:After you read the passage, which of the following do you think is true?A．Americans never ate tomatoes after they began to plant them.B．Americans didn’t eat tomatoes before 19th century.C．Even now Americans don’t eat tomatoes.D．In the 18th century Americans ate a lot of tomatoes.小题3:The passage tells us that Jefferson was a President who learned to love the taste of tomatoes .A．while he was in ParisB．when he was a little boyC．because his parents told him soD．from books小题4:According to the text, _______ made the beautiful pink soup served at the President’s party?A．the President himselfB．a French cookC．the President’s cookD．the President’s wife 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:C
小题1:B
小题1:A
小题1:C
解析
本文主要讲述的是人们对土豆的认识，原来人们认为土豆是有毒的，后来在杰斐逊总统的推动下人们慢慢接受了土豆这种食物。
小题1:C 推理题。根据文章最后一段The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup. This beautiful pink soup was served at the President’s party. The guests thought the soup tasted really good. They never thought their president would serve his honored guests poison apples. Jefferson never spoke to his honored (忠实的) guests about the fact.没有提及是来自巴黎或者其它国家的客人，也没有说只是男人。最可能是邀请的是自己国家里的人。故C正确。
小题2:B 推理题。根据第一段后四行But in the 18th century, Americans never ate tomatoes. They grew them in their gardens because tomato plants are so pretty. But they thought the vegetable was poisonous (有毒的). They called tomatoes “poison apples.”说明在18世纪人们都认为土豆不能吃。也就是说18世纪以后人们逐渐知道土豆很美味，故B正确。
小题3:A 细节题。根据第二段第二行He was a learned man. He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes.说明他在巴黎的时候知道了土豆很美味。故A正确。
小题4:C 细节题。根据第二段3，4行The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup. This beautiful pink soup was served at the President’s party.说明是总统的厨师制作这些汤的。故C正确。
点评：本文介绍了人们对土豆的认识过程。本文所设试题主要考察细节查找，对于文章中的细节题，要注意文本内容的理解。关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题支和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“How Americans Began .....”主要考查你对 [健康环保类阅读 ]考点的理解。健康环保类阅读
健康环保累阅读概念：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。体裁有记叙文、 说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类文章阅读技巧：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考，理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等。同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等。科普环保类文章一般为说明文，从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：
第一部分一般是文章的首段，主要用来提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；
第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；
第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题进行归纳总结。这类文章多用一般现在时，而且一般多使用客观性词语表述。有时为了强调客观性，也常使用被动语态。
从近几年的考试题来看，科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近。由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解。但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题。
【阅读策略】
1、概要(Summarizing)：
阅完材料后，将所阅材料浓缩，摘要，做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。
2、组织(Organization)：
阅读后根据阅读内容，识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如：时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。
