题文
Short people, studies have shown , are more likely to have a stroke , suffer from high blood pressures and heart disease and be bullied in school .Now, researchers report that short people—at least in the past—were also more likely to die at a younger age than their taller peers.
Their study, published in the Journal of Epidemiology (流行病学) and Community Health , found that short bones have something to do with short life for more than 1,000 years. The conclusion was based on 490 sets of adult skeletal(骨架) remains from an archaeological(考古学的) site in northeastern England , YC dating from the 9th century to about 1850 .
about 55% of men and 73% of women died before the age of 45, and 39% of men and 56% of women died before age 30. The risk of death before age 30 declined as bone length increased.
“This study provides evidence from an archaeological sample that long bone length is connected with age at death—those with smaller bones tend to die younger,” according to Dr. D.J. Gunnell of the university of Bristol in the UK and colleagues .
While it is not clear why short stature(身材) might be linked to earlier death , the researchers point out that height is an indicator of childhood nutrition, which may have long-lasting effect on health .
“Mechanism (身体结构) for height-mortality(死亡) associations in the past may differ from those today , for example , short stature may have increased the risk of death in childbirth and this may explain the higher risk of premature(未成熟的) mortality in women,” Gunnell and colleagues write .
“However, short bones, it would appear, have always been a marker of a short life,” the authors conclude.
小题1:The title of the passage should be.A．Short people and their taller peersB．Men and women C．Short stature and short life D．Long life and short life小题2:“An indicator” in Paragraph 6 means.A．a studyB．a markerC．a riskD．an age小题3:Which of the following statements is Not true according to the passage?A．People with smaller bones were more likely to die younger.B．Women were more likely to die at a young age.C．Short-stature women bear higher risk of death in giving birth to babies.D．Most people were more likely to die at the age of 30 in the past.小题4:Short stature may be caused by.A．less childhood nutritionB．heart disease C．some illnessesD．high blood pressure小题5:The topic in this passage is probably connected with A．space medicineB．sports medicine C．social medicineD．industrial medicine 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:A
小题5:C
解析
这篇文章主要讲了研究表明，身高越矮小，越容易患脑溢血、高血压、心脏病等疾病，因此寿命也越短。
小题1:根据全文内容以及Now, researchers report that short people—at least in the past—were also more likely to die at a younger age than their taller peers.
故选C。
小题2:根据which may have long-lasting effect on health .可猜测出an indicator意思是指示器，故答案应为B。
小题3:根据about 55% of men and 73% of women died before the age of 45, and 39% of men and 56% of women died before age 30. The risk of death before age 30 declined as bone length increased.故选D。
小题4:根据While it is not clear why short stature(身材) might be linked to earlier death , the researchers point out that height is an indicator of childhood nutrition, which may have long-lasting effect on health ，故选A。
小题5:这篇文章主要讲了身高和寿命的关系，这属于社会医学，故选C。
点评：本题型考查了对文章段落或某一板块的理解概括能力。先阅读问题，然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。在词义与句义理解的基础上，结合上下文总结归纳某一段或几段的大意，对于把握文章主旨，分析全文结构都是至关重要的。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Short people, studie.....”主要考查你对 [健康环保类阅读 ]考点的理解。健康环保类阅读
健康环保累阅读概念：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。体裁有记叙文、 说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类文章阅读技巧：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考，理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等。同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等。科普环保类文章一般为说明文，从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：
第一部分一般是文章的首段，主要用来提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；
第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；
第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题进行归纳总结。这类文章多用一般现在时，而且一般多使用客观性词语表述。有时为了强调客观性，也常使用被动语态。
从近几年的考试题来看，科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近。由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解。但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题。
【阅读策略】
1、概要(Summarizing)：
阅完材料后，将所阅材料浓缩，摘要，做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。
2、组织(Organization)：
阅读后根据阅读内容，识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如：时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。
