题文
Below are some smart ways to stay healthy suggested by some American experts.Drink More Coffee
When was the last time you heard a doctor use the word miracle? Well, wake up and smell the coffee: “It’s amazing,” says liver specialist Sanjiv Chopra, MD, professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. “Coffee is truly a lifesaving miracle drug.”
Though he says it’s still a “scientific mystery” how a simple cup of coffee works its wonders in the body, large epidemiological studies have repeatedly proved its astonishing benefits.
“Drink it black, or at most put a little skim milk in it” to minimize calories, Dr. Chopra recommends. He drinks at least four cups a day himself, though most people should limit themselves to two. And no, he jokes, “I’m not sponsored by Starbucks.”
Take a Walk for Your Memory
Aerobic (有氧运动的) exercise is good for your body, great for your mind, according to the latest research from brain-fitness pioneer Arthur Kramer. Every year, an area called the hippocampus, which is key to memory, shrinks by about 1 to 2 percent, increasing the risk of dementia (脑衰) as the years roll by. However, Kramer’s new investigations reveal that the hippocampi of adults who walked briskly for about 45 minutes three times a week grew by about 2 percent over the course of a year, preventing age-related shrinking.
It’s never too late to start exercising, Kramer says; volunteers in his research were between 55 and 80 years old and hadn’t exercised at all. And it doesn’t need to be backbreaking. “Anything that raises your heart rate seems to work,” he says. “Walking is fine. Just find something you like and do it.”
Early to Bed, Early to Eat
“Being a night owl might increase your waistline,” says sleep expert Michael Breus, PhD. People who stay up late and sleep late tend to eat more fast food and consume more of their calories after 8 p.m. than do normal sleepers.
“One of the easiest things that anyone on a diet can do to improve her results is go to bed and wake up at the same times every day,” Breus says. “This way, your body knows when to sleep and is much more efficient. Organize your eating, too, by trying to eat meals at the same times every day. Avoid eating after 8 p.m., and don’t miss morning meals by sleeping in.”
Use the 20-Second Rule
What’s the difference between having a goal and actually accomplishing it? Just 20 seconds, says positive-psychology specialist Shawn Achor. Researchers have learned that if we can cut 20 seconds off the startup time required for a task, we’re much more likely to follow through. So, for example, if you want to work out in the morning, place your shoes and exercise clothes next to your bed the night before. If you want to praise people more, put thank-you notes and a pen on your desk.
Imagine the Worst to Feel Better
Don’t count your blessings; subtract (扣除) them. “Consciously spend a few minutes imagining what your life would be like without the good things,” says Timothy Wilson, a psychologist at the University of Virginia. You’ll experience stronger feelings of love, gratitude, and happiness when you think about what life would be like without the people and things you love. “And they’ll seem surprising and special again,” he adds.
小题1: According to Sanjiv Chopra, most people should not drink more than ______ cups of coffee a day.A．twoB．threeC．fourD．six小题2:Which of the following may help people on a diet to improve their results? A．Raising their heart rate.B．Taking a walk for their memory.C．Eating at fixed times.D．Sleeping in every morning.小题3:According to Shawn Achor, if people place their shoes and exercise clothes next to their bed at bedtime, they’re more likely to ______ the next morning.A．do exerciseB．set a goalC．cut 20 seconds offD．sleep 20 minutes more小题4: Why should people spend a little time imagining their life without good things?A．To experience surprise.B．To feel better.C．To consider their own blessings.D．To prepare for the worst. 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:B
解析
美国专家给出了一些保持健康的明智的方法。包括饮食，锻炼和心理的调适都可以让我们保持健康。
小题1:细节题：从文章第三段的句子：He drinks at least four cups a day himself, though most people should limit themselves to two.可知Sanjiv Chopra,认为大部分人每天不应该喝超过2杯咖啡。选A
小题2:细节题：从文章倒数第三段的句子：This way, your body knows when to sleep and is much more efficient. Organize your eating, too, by trying to eat meals at the same times every day.可知在固定的时间吃饭可以帮助减肥的人提高减肥的结果，选C
小题3:细节题：从文章倒数第二段的句子：if you want to work out in the morning, place your shoes and exercise clothes next to your bed the night before.可知Shawn Achor认为如果人们 将鞋子和运动服在睡觉的时候放在床边，第二天早上更可能锻炼，选 A
小题4:细节题：从文章最后一段的句子：Consciously spend a few minutes imagining what your life would be like without the good things,”…..You’ll experience stronger feelings of love, gratitude, and happiness when you think about what life would be like without the people and things you love.可知人们应该每天花一些时间想一想不好的生活，这样会感觉好一些。选B
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Below are some smart.....”主要考查你对 [健康环保类阅读 ]考点的理解。健康环保类阅读
健康环保累阅读概念：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。体裁有记叙文、 说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类文章阅读技巧：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考，理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等。同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等。科普环保类文章一般为说明文，从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：
第一部分一般是文章的首段，主要用来提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；
第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；
第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题进行归纳总结。这类文章多用一般现在时，而且一般多使用客观性词语表述。有时为了强调客观性，也常使用被动语态。
从近几年的考试题来看，科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近。由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解。但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题。
【阅读策略】
1、概要(Summarizing)：
阅完材料后，将所阅材料浓缩，摘要，做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。
2、组织(Organization)：
阅读后根据阅读内容，识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如：时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。
