题文
People often view the “last” moments of an event positively simply because they signal the end of an experience, say experts.University of Michigan researchers found that even if an experience is painful or negative, but ends on a good note, people will consider it to be positive.
“Endings are powerful,” said Ed O’Brien, a graduate student in the Department of Psychology at the University of Michigan.
O’Brien and colleague Phoebe Ellsworth, the Frank Murphy Distinguished Professor of Law and Psychology, conducted a chocolate tasting experiment with 52 college students to test the theory.
Volunteers could taste five different Hershey’s Kisses chocolates—milk, dark, cream, caramel and almond – but did not know in advance how many pieces they would eat or the type. Participants rated how much they enjoyed the chocolate and described each flavor so that the researchers could record the order in which the randomly (随机的) selected treats were eaten.
Volunteers were assigned to the “next” or the “last ” condition by chance.
In the “next” condition, the experimenter said “Here is your next chocolate” before offering each chocolate, including the fifth.
For the “last” condition, the experimenter said “Here is your last chocolate” before offering the fifth chocolate.
These participants rated the fifth chocolate more enjoyable than volunteers in the “next” condition.
As predicted, participants who knew they were eating the final chocolate of a taste test enjoyed it more.
In fact, when asked to pick their favorite chocolate, the majority of “last” participants chose the fifth – even though the flavor of the fifth was randomly chosen.
They also rated the overall experience as more enjoyable than volunteers who thought they were just eating one more chocolate in a series.
O’Brien says these findings may have far-reaching implications. For example, the last book or film in a series or the last speaker in a symposium (研讨会) may receive unwarranted praise.
The last job applicant, meanwhile, may look more qualified.
小题1:Which of the following is TRUE about the experiment?A．The majority of “last” participants chose the almond flavor as their favorite.B．Some participants enjoyed the experiment more because the last flavor tasted better. C．The result would be different if researchers had used another brand of chocolate.D．Some participants didn’t know it was their last chocolate when offered the fifth one.小题2:What does the underlined word “unwarranted” in the second-to-last paragraph mean?A．Fake. B．Unwanted. C．Unreasonable. D．Insincere.小题3:Which of the following is the best title for the article?A．“Last” is the best.B．Why “last” matters most.C．It is the last step that is the hardest.D．He who laughs last laughs best. 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:A
解析
本文分析了为什么最后一个事物往往会给人留下最好的印象？文章具体讲述了一个与此相关的科学研究。
小题1:D 推理题。根据文章第五段Volunteers were assigned to the “next” or the “last ” condition by chance. In the “next” condition, the experimenter said “Here is your next chocolate” before offering each chocolate, including the fifth. 可知参与者搞不清楚究竟那一颗巧克力是最后一颗，是由分发的人来确定的。故D项正确。
小题2:C 推理题。根据本句For example, the last book or film in a series or the last speaker in a symposium (研讨会) may receive unwarranted praise.可知人们经常会认为最后的东西都是好的，使用最后一本书或者连续剧里的最后一集都会受到不知道是什么原因的赞扬。故该词表示C项含义。
小题3:A 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段People often view the “last” moments of an event positively simply because they signal the end of an experience, say experts.可知人们经常会认为最后的一个东西往往是最好的东西。接下来讨论的就是这个内容。故A正确。
点评：本文分析了为什么最后一个事物往往会给人留下最好的印象？推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理，要根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“People often view th.....”主要考查你对 [人生感悟类阅读 ]考点的理解。人生感悟类阅读
人生感悟类阅读的概念：
生活感悟类的文章就是指能给人心灵以启迪，使人从中受到教育的文章。这类文章的体裁可以是记叙文，如生活中一些感人故事或情感故事，有点类似心灵鸡汤一样的短文。
生活感悟类阅读解题指导：
一、文章特点：
生活感悟类的文章就是指能给人心灵以启迪，使人从中受到教育的文章。这类文章的体裁可以是记叙文，如生活中一些感人故事或情感故事，有点类似心灵鸡汤一样的短文。有时故事的结尾会有一句“点睛之笔”，点出全文的中心思想，就像《伊索寓言》里的寓言一样。还可能是夹叙夹议的哲理散文或生活随笔。散文随笔通常会阐述一种朴素易懂，耳熟能详的人生道理或宝贵品质。文章的结构和议论文类似，一般是总分总或总分结构。每段首句或尾句为主题句（论点），其它句子围绕主题展开论述（论据），论证方法多种多样，或举例，或引用名言，或正反对照等。
二、解题技巧：
针对生活感悟类文章的特点，做这类文章的完形填空时，要特别注意以下几点：
1、重点理解全文的首句。如果是记叙文，找出when，where，who，what等基本要素。如果是散文随笔，充分理解文章的中心句—全文的主题。
2、阅读全文的结尾段或结尾句，有助于理解文章所阐述或蕴含的哲理、感悟或忠告等。
3、调动自己的背景知识和情感。这类文章不会讲大道理也不会涉及到一些很专业的知识技术领域，而是谈一些小事和简单的道理，所以如果读者能和作者产生感情上的共鸣，读者会更好地把握作者的意图态度，从而提高做题的准确度。因此，考生在平时要做一个有心人，即用心去感悟生活中发生的小事，思考人生的一些基本道理，多阅读一些短小精悍的美文，多写写自己的心情故事和对生活学习的感悟。只有平时多用心，做题时才能调动自己的背景知识和情感。
