高中英语单词轻松背-E字母
eager eager adj
热切的，渴望的[考点] 重要句型
be eager to do sth. 渴望做……
- She was eager to buy the new dress.
她渴望买这件新衣服。
be eager for sth. 渴望……，想得到……
- He is eager for his parents to send him a new bicycle.
他盼望他的父母送他一辆新自行车。
- He was eager for success.
他渴望获得成功。
eager + that从句（从句要用虚拟语气）
- She is eager that her daughter should arrive earlier.
她盼望她的女儿早点到。
eastern eastern adj东方的，东部的
[特征]
- In the eastern part of China, summer temperatures are very different from winter temperatures.
在中国东部，夏天的温度和冬天的温度差异很大。
[备考必背]
①辨析east和eastern
eastern和east都有“东部的”的意思，在专有名词前一般用east；在普通名词前一般用eastern。
East China 华东 east/eastern wind 东风
the eastern coastline of China 中国东部海岸线
②派生词：easterner easterner n东方人
③联想记忆：与eastern构词和用法相同的还有下面这些词，请记住它们：
southern southern adj南的，南方的 southerner southerner n南国人，南方人
western ern adj西的，西方的 westerner westerner n西方人
northern northern adj北方的，北部的 northerner northerner n北国人，北方人
edge edge n①边缘 ②刀口，刃
[特征]
- The edge of the plate is blue.
这盘子的边是蓝色的。
- The ax has a sharp edge.
这把斧头的刃口锋利。
[备考必背] 重要词组
on the edge of 在……的边上 at the edge of 在……的边缘
- There is a cottage at the edge of the lake.
在湖边有一座小屋。
effect effect n影响，作用，效果
[特征]
- The book will have a bad effect upon young people.
这本书会对青少年产生恶劣的影响。
[备考必背] 重要词组
have an effect on/upon ... 对……有影响 bring into effect 实行
come into effect 开始生效 take effect 奏效
- The agreement comes into effect once signed.
协议一经签定立即生效。
- The medicine didn”t take effect yet.
药还没有见效。
encourage vt.
鼓励；支持[特征]
- He encouraged me to try it again.
他鼓励我再试一次。
[备考必背]
①辨析encourage sb. to do sth.和encourage sb. in doing sth.
前者指“鼓励某人去做某事”，后者指“鼓励某人正在做某事”。比较下面的句子：
- He encouraged his brother to have a speech at the meeting.
他鼓励弟弟在会议上发言。（还没有发言）
- He encouraged his brother in having a - He encouraged his brother in having a speech at the meeting他弟弟正在会议上发言，他很支持。（正在发言）
②派生词：encouragement encouragement n鼓励
[练习与解答]
- All the employees except the manager he manage to work online at home.[2004 广东]
A. encourages ]
A. encourages B. encourage C. is eccouraged D. are encourage答案：D
（除了经理，所有的员工都被鼓励在家里上网进行工作。本题考查主谓一致和被动语态。主语带except，as well as， together，with，rather than，along with，including，in addition to等词组时，谓语不受它们影响，仍由主语决定单复数。）
entire entire adj全部的，整个的
[特征]
- The entire house was destroyed by fire.
整栋房子都被火毁坏了。
- I”m in entire agreement with you.
我完全同意你的意见。
[贴心叮咛]
英文中有好几个词都表示“全部的”，它们之间的差别非常细小，同学们要仔细领会。
[备考必背] 辨析entire，whole和complete
这三个词都有“全部的”的意思。entire和whole作“全部的”讲时，可以通用，但whole更常用，此外whole还可以表示“健全”，而entire则不能。complete意为“完全的”，表示所有的部分都完整无缺，往往用于一项程序的完结。
- I hope you will come back whole.
我希望你平安归来。
- Do you have a complete set of Shakespeare”s plays?
你有整套的莎士比亚戏剧集吗？
equal equal adj相等的，平等的 v. 等于
[特征]
- Everyone should enjoy equal rights.
每个人都应当享有平等的权利。
- Two and five equals seven.
二加五等于七。
[贴心叮咛]
equal是个很重要也容易考的词，考点主要集中在它的词组上。
[备考必背]
①把某物分成均等的几份，只能用equal，不能用same。
（误）He divided the apple into four same parts.
（正）He divided the apple into four equal parts.
他把苹果分成四等份。
②重要词组
be equal to sth.等于，与……相等，胜任……
- One li is eaqul to half a kilometer.
一华里等于半公里。
- It is equal to me whether he comes or not.
他来不来对我都一样。
- He is equal to this task.
他能胜任这项任务。
be equal to doing sth. 能胜任……
- He is equal to doing this task.
他能胜任这项任务。
③派生词：equality equality n同等，平等，相等
equality between the sexes 男女平等
- All three children have equality in our family.
三个小孩在我们家都是平等的。
equip equip vt装备，配备
[特征]
- The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons.
士兵们配备着嘴新式的武器。
- The traveler equipped himself for a long journey.
旅行者为长途旅行准备行装。
[备考必背]
①equip的宾语不能是用来装备的东西。
（误）He equipped two lights to his room.
（正）He equipped his room with two lights.
他给他的房间装了两盏灯。
②重要词组
equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/某物
equip for equip for为……作准备
The seamen equipped a ship for a voyage.
水手们装备船只准备出航。
③辨析equip和furnish
equip指为某一目的而提供的装备；而furnish则指为了生活上的便利而配备所需要的东西。
- They are going to equip the workshop with new machines.
他们将用新机器装备这个车间。
- We furnished the room with new furniture.
我们在房间里布置了新家具。
④派生词：equipment equipment n装备，设备
expense expense n
费用，开销，花费[特征]
- What are the expenses of these goods?
这些商品的费用是多少？
- A new car can be a great expense.
买一辆新汽车要花很多钱。
[备考必背] 重要词组
at one”s expense s expense由某人付款
- We were all entertained at Tom”s expense.
我们全由汤姆请客。
at the expense of 以……为代价
He became a brilliant scholar, but only at the expense of his health.
他成为了一位卓越的学者，却牺牲了健康。
at any expense 不管花费多少钱
- He wanted to buy the book at any expense.
不管花多少钱他都想买这本书。
explain explain v解释，说明
[特征]
- The boy was explaining to the teacher why he was late.
这个男孩正向老师解释他为什么迟到。
- Please explain to me where to begin and how to do it.
请向我说明从哪里开始以及怎样做。
[考点]
①explain后面不能接the reason，这一点经常考到。
（误）Can you explain the reason why you were late?
（正）Can you explain why you were late?
你能解释一下为什么迟到吗？
②表示“给某人解释……”，explain后不直接接某人，也不用for，而用介词to。
（误）The teacher explained us this problem.
（正）The teacher explained this problem to us.
老师给我们解释了这道难题。
[备考必背] 派生词
explanation explanation n解释，说明
- The text still needs explanation.
课文还需要被解释。
explode explode v（使）爆炸，（突然）爆发
[特征]
- It”s a custom to explode fireworks to celebrate the Spring Festival.
燃放爆竹庆祝春节是一种习俗。
- The bomb exploded near the tall building.
炸弹在这座高楼附近爆炸了。
[备考必背] 重要词组
explode with anger 勃然大怒 explode with laughter 哄堂大笑
- The audience exploded with laughter.
观众哄堂大笑。
expose expose v使暴露，使曝光，揭露
[特征]
- Don”t expose your skin to the flaming sun.
别把你的皮肤暴露在炎热的阳光下。
- This film has been exposed.
这片子已经曝光了。
[备考必背] 重要词组
expose ... to ... 把……暴露在……
- The company exposed the plan to the newspapers.
公司向几家报纸透露了这个计划。
