高中英语单词轻松背-C字母
candle
n. 蜡烛[备考必背] 重要词组
candle light candle light烛光 birthday candle birthday candle生日蜡烛
blow out a candle blow out a candle吹灭蜡烛
- Jenny blew out the birthday candle.
珍妮吹熄了生日蜡烛。
light a candle 点燃一根蜡烛
- We lit the candle and the candle lit the room.
我们点着了蜡烛，蜡烛照亮了房间。
carry carr v. 运送，搬运
[特征]
- He was carry a box on his shoulder.
他肩上扛着个箱子。
- A car can carry four passengers.
一辆小汽车能载四名乘客。
[贴心叮咛]
这个词的意思很简单，但一定要注意carry的词组，因为这些才是经常考到的。
[备考必背]
①重要词组
carry on 继续进行（尤指中断之后）
- Let”s carry on our discussion.
让我们继续讨论吧。
carry out 执行；实现
- You should carry out the plan at once.
你们必须立即实施计划。
carry through 进行到底，完成
- He carried through the work in a month.
这项工作他一个月就完成了。
②辨析bring，take，fetch，carry
bring表示“拿来，带来”，指从远方将某物或人带到说话者身边来；take正好相反，指把某物或某人从说话者身边拿走或带走；fetch表示“去取来，去带来”，指从此处到别处把人带来或把物取来；carry表示“运，提，扛”等，强调动作方式，不说明方向。
③派生词：carrier carrier n运送者；搬运工具
carve
v. 雕刻；切开[特征]
- The figure of the dog is carved from a piece of wood.
这只狗是用木头雕刻成的。
- She carved me a nice piece from the chicken.
她切了一块很好的肌肉给我。
[备考必背] 重要词组
carve作“雕刻”讲时，通常有以下的用法。
carve sth. into ... 把……雕刻成……
- He carved the stone into the figure of a man.
他把石头雕刻成人的形状。
carve ... from/out sth. carve ... from/out sth.从……中雕刻出……
- The statue was carved from/out stone.
这座雕像是用石头雕刻的。
carve sb. sth. = carve sth. for sb. carve sb. sth. = carve sth. for sb.为某人雕刻某物
- Jack carved me a dog. = Jack carved a dog for me.
杰克为我雕了只狗。
cast cas v. v.抛，投掷
[特征]
- The fisherman cast his net into the sea.
渔夫将渔网撒进了大海。
- He cast a stone against the window.
他朝窗户扔了块石头。
[贴心叮咛]
cast是一个很重要的单词，它有非常多的词组，这些词组同时出现往往就构成了cast的考点。
[考点] 重要词组
cast off cast off丢弃 cast down cast down使心烦意乱，气馁
- He was cast down when he heard the news.
他听到这个消息非常泄气。
cast away cast away（遭遇海难而）流落某地
- We were cast away by the storm on an island without food or water.
我们因风暴而流落到一个没有食物，也没有淡水的小岛上。
cast ... aside cast ... aside把……丢在一边
- He cast the worn clothes aside.
他把破衣服抛在一边。
cause caus
n. 原因；导致某事发生的人或事 vt. vt引起，使产生[特征]
- The cause of the fire was carelessness.
起火的原因是由于疏忽。
- The war caused disasters to the people.
战争给人们带来了灾难。
- His absence caused me much trouble.
他的缺席给我带来了许多麻烦。
[贴心叮咛]
cause是非常重要的单词，要注意它作动词时的用法。
[考点]
①cause作“引起”，“导致”讲时，后面可接不定式作宾语补足语，不可接动词原形、形容词、副词或分词作宾语补足语。
（误）What caused her so sad?
（正）What caused her to be so sad?
什么使她如此难过？
（误）Nothing can cause him change his mind.
（正）Nothing can cause him to change his mind.
什么也不能使他改变主意。
②cause作名词“原因”讲时是可数名词，其后面接介词of；作“理由”讲时，是不可数名词，其后面接介词for。
- The heavy rain was the cause of the flood.
大雨是导致洪水产生的原因。
- You have no cause for complaint.
你没有理由抱怨。
[备考必背] 辨析cause和reason
这两个词都可指“原因，理由”。cause是指造成事实的“原因”，是客观的；reason则指对某种行为的解释，意为“理由”。
certain adj. ①确定的，无疑的 ②某种，一定的
[特征]
- I am certain that you”ll follow me.
我确信你会跟我来。
- For a certain reason she began to cry.
由于某种原因，她开始哭起来。
[贴心叮咛]
certain不仅经常考到，在口语中也经常用到。
[考点]
certain作“肯定的，确信的”讲时，多用作表语，后面可接从句、不定式、of等引导的介词短语。请记住下面的短语和句型：
be certain of/about 对……有把握
- We are certain of victory.
我们胜券在握。
be certain to 一定会
- I”m certain to do well next time.
我下次一定会做得很好。
It is certain that ... 一定会……
- It is certain that two and two makes four.
二加二等于四是确定无疑的。
be not certain whether/what/which ... 不能确定……
- I am not certain whether he will come.
我不能肯定他是否会来。
[备考必背] 派生词
certainly certainly adv当然，必定
challenge n. 挑战
[特征]
- I acdepted his challenge to run the race.
我接受了他提出的和我赛跑的挑战。
[贴心叮咛]
challenge是很重要的单词，要注意它的相关词组。
[备考必背] 重要词组
face the challenge 面对挑战 meet the challenge 满足要求；完成任务
changeable changeabl adj. 可改变的，易变的
[特征]
- The weather here is changeable.
这儿的天气多变。
[练习与解答]
- Sarah, hurry up. I”m afraid you can”t have time to t have time t before the party. [2004 全国]
A. get changed ]
A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to chang答案 A
（快点，萨拉！我担心你在聚会以前没时间换衣服了。本题考查“系动词+表语”的结构。get changed的意思是“换衣服”，changed是过去分词用作表语，此用法和get dressed及be seated一样。）
charge
vt. ①索（要）价 ②指控 ③充电 n. ①费用，价钱 ②指控 ③负责，主管[特征]
- The shop owner charged me too much money.
这个店主收了我很多钱。
- My brother was charged with stealing a car.
我哥被指控偷了一辆汽车。
- Does your truck battery charged easily?
你卡车的蓄电池容易充电吗？
- The charge for a movie is $ 5.
电影票价是五美元。
- The park is under the charge of the city government.
这座公园由市政府管理。
[备考必背]
①辨析in charge of 和in/under the charge of
这两个词组都是“负责”的意思，与别在于：in charge of 表示“（某人）负责某事”，含有主动意义；in/under the charge of 则表示“某事/人由某人负责”，含有被动意义。比较下面的句子：
- I was in charge of my brother.
我在照看我弟弟。
- My brother was in the charge of me.
我弟弟由我照看。
②重要词组
take charge of 掌管，负责
- Tom will take charge of the company during the boss” absence.
老板不在期间由汤姆负责管理公司。
charge sb. with sth. = accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人……
- He charged her with stealing.
他指控她盗窃。
choice n. 选择；挑选的东西
[考点] 重要词组
have no choice but to do 只好，除……外别无选择
- You have no choice but to do the work.
你除了做这项工作没有别的选择。
make a choice 挑选，选择
- It”s too hard to make a choice between the two dresses.
很难在这两件衣服中作选择。
[贴心叮咛]
choice是choose的名词形式。它的词组在历届考试中屡见不鲜。
clear
adj. 清晰的，响亮的 adv. 清楚地，明确地 vt. 清楚，收拾[特征]
- The water in the river is so clear that we can see the bottom.
河水清澈见底。
- Let”s clear all this crap off the kitchen.
让我们把厨房里所有的垃圾清理掉吧。
[贴心叮咛]
这是一个极重要的词，需要我们倍加小心！它的词性较多，词组也很多，一定要掌握有关clear的词组，它们常出现在考题中。
[考点] 重要词组
clear off 离去；迅速地离开某地
- At the sight of the policeman the boys cleared off as quickly as they could.
男孩子们一看见警察就赶紧溜走了。
clear up 整理；完成；收拾
- Would you clear up this room before our visitors arrive?
我们的客人到来之前，请你把这个房间收拾一下好吗？
clear out 离开；逃走；彻底清理
- When they heard the police arrived, the thieves quickly cleared out of house.
听说警察来了，那些小偷赶紧溜出了门。
[备考必背]
①辨析clear和clean
作形容词讲时，clean的意思是“干净的，清洁的”，其反义词是dirty；clear的意思是“清澈的，清晰的，明朗的”。作动词讲时，clean指“把……打扫干净”；而clear指“把……收拾得有条理”。
- The sky became clear the next day.
第二天天晴了。
- Speak louder and clearer, please.
请大声地说清楚。
clean the classroom 把教室打扫干净 clear the classroom 把教室归置好
②不用make clear that ...，而是用make it clear that ...，如：
（误）Please make clear that the answers are wrong.
（正）Please make it clear that the answers are wrong.
请说明答案是错误的。
③派生词：clearly clearly adv明朗地，明显地，无疑地
- Clearly, they are good friends.
很明显，他们是好朋友。
combine v. （使）联合，（使）结合
[特征]
- The two companies combined to make a large one.
这两家公司合并成一家大公司。
- Everything combined against him.
所有事情均对他不利。
[贴心叮咛]
combine是一个比较重要的单词，它的意思需要仔细琢磨。
[备考必背] 重要词组
combine ... with ... 使……和……相结合
- The film combines education with recreation.
这部影片寓教于乐。
compete vi.
比赛，竞赛[特征]
compete指为了达到某个目的与另一个或其他人“竞争”，仅仅是为了争得名次、奖品，并不含有将对手征服的意思。
- Five children competed in the race.
五个孩子参加了赛跑。
[备考必背]
①重要词组
compete with/against sb. 和某人竞争
- The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool.
孩子们竞相抵达池子的另一端。
compete for sth. 为某事而竞争
- In this game the women will compete with the men for the gold medal.
在这场比赛中，女子要和男子争夺品牌。
compete with sb. in ... 和某人在……方面竞争
- Will you compete with Tom in the swimming race?
你将和汤姆比赛游泳吗？
②派生词：competitor n. 竞争者
- There were 12 competitors in the dash.
有十二名选手参加了此次赛跑。
composition composition n写作，作文
[特征]
- The students are asked to write a composition on the Great Wall.
学生们被要求写一篇关于长城的作文。（有关某方面的作文用介词on）
[备考必背] 辨析composition和article
composition指的是学生练习的“作文”，一般都比较短小；article指报刊杂志上所载的论述性的“论文，文章”。
conclude conclude v①推断出，下结论 ②结束，终止
[特征]
- We concluded that he wouldn”t come.
我们断定他不会来了。
- The meeting concluded at nine o”clock.
会议于九点钟结束。
[贴心叮咛]
conclude是高中阶段很重要的单词，我们把它的用法全列在这里，这也是它的全部考点。
[考点]
①conclude作“推断”讲时，表示“从……推断出”，与from连用。
- I conclude from what he said that he was dissatisfied.
从他的言语中我可以推断出他不满意。
②如果用-ing分词表示“结束”的方式，用by引导。
- She concluded her speech by quoting a passage from Shakespeare.
她引用了一段莎士比亚的话结束了演讲。
③如果表示“用……结束”，则用with引导。
- I will conclude my article with the sentence.
我将以这句话结束我的文章。
condition condition n条件，状况，情况
[特征]
- Health is a condition of happiness.
健康是幸福的一个条件。
- The professor studied how to improve soil conditions.
这位教授研究如何改良土壤状况。
- He took an active part in the workers” struggle for better pay and better conditions.
[考点]
①在指身体状况良好时，不用in good condition，而要用keep fit and well。
②指生活或工作条件时，用复数conditions。
（误）He is living in a terrible condition.
（正）He is libing in terrible conditions.
他的生活条件很差。
③in good/excellent/bad condition 情况良好/很好/糟糕（condition前不用冠词a/an）
on condition that ... 条件是……，根据……
- You can go swimming on condition that you don”t go too far from the river bank.
你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以去游泳。
on this/that/no condition 在这种/那种条件下/无论如何都不
- You must on no condition tell him what has happened.
你无论如何都不能告诉她发生了什么事。
conduct conduct n
行为 vt. 带领，处理，指导[特征]
- One”s conduct should agree with his words.
一个人应该言行一致。
- My friend conducted us round the city.
我的朋友带领我们在城市里参观了一圈。
- He conducts his business very successfully.
他把生意做得很成功。
[贴心叮咛]
conduct作“行为”讲时，指一个人的行为方式。另外，conduct作动词用时意思比较多，一定要好好把握。
congratulate congratulate vt祝贺
[特征]
- I want to congratulate you with all my heart.
我要衷心地祝贺你。
- We congratulated him on having passed the examination.
我们祝贺他通过了考试。
- I congratulated my girlfriend on her birthday.
我向女友祝贺生日。（因某事向某人表示祝贺，用介词on。）
connect connect v连接，把……联系起来
[特征]
- The two cities are connected by a railway.
这两座城市通过铁路相连。
[备考必背]
①重要词组：connect ... with/to ... 把……和……连接起来
- The bridge connects the island with the mainland.
这座桥把岛屿和大陆连接起来。
②辨析connect和unite
connect作“连接，联系”讲时，强调不紧密地联结，只是通过某一因素建立联系，侧重各自的独立；unite作“联合”讲时，强调内在的紧密联系，为了达到共同目的而联合。
- The two countried England and Scotland united in 1706.
英格兰和苏格兰两个国家在1706年合并。
③派生词：connection n. 连接，联系
- I have connections with my old friends.
我和老朋友有联系。
consider consider vt①考虑 ②认为，将……看作
[特征]
- The company is considering investing.
公司正在考虑投资。
- The judge considers that the driver is not to blame.
法官认为司机没有过错。
[贴心叮咛]
consider是非常重要的单词，我们把它的用法详细地列在这里，如果同学们能认真阅读并理解记忆，consider的相关试题将迎刃而解。
[考点]
①consider后面接动名词，而不接不定式。
（误）I am considering to write to him.
（正）I am considering writing to him.
我正在考虑给他写信。
②consider sth./sb. (to be) + adj./n. 认为……是……
- We consider it to be true. = We consider it true. = We consider that it is true.
我们认为这是真实的。
- I considered him an honest man.
我认为他是个诚实的人。
- He considers himself intelligent.
他认为自己很聪明。
③consider ... as ... 把……看作……（as可以省略）
- I consider Mr. Smith (as) my best friend.
我把史密斯先生当成我最好的朋友。
[练习与解答]
- Now that she is out of a job. Lucy going back to school, but she hasn”t decided yet. [2004 北京]
A. had considered ]
A. had considered B. has been considering
C. considered D. is going to conside答案：B
（露西失业了，她一直在考虑着回学校，但还没有决定。本题考查的是动词时态。根据上下句子，可以知道露西自失业以后一直在考虑回学校的事，所以用过去完成进行时态。）
consist consist vi
①由……组成 ② 在于[特征]
- The committee consists of ten members.
这个委员会由十名成员组成。
[备考必背] 重要词组
consist of consist of由……组成，由……构成
- The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
英国由大不列颠和北爱尔兰组成。
consist in 在于，存在于
- The beauty of the city consists largely in the style of its ancient buildings.
这个城市的魅力很大程度上在于它的古建筑风格。
consist with 和……一致
- Theory should consist with practice.
理论应与实践相一致。
contain contain vt包含，容纳；容忍
[特征]
- His new book contained some interesting ideas.
他的新书包括一些有趣的思想。
- This drawer contains all the forks we own.
这个抽屉里盛放着我们所有的餐叉。
- A pound contains 16 ounces.
一磅等于十六盎司。
- He could contain himself no longer.
他再也无法自制。
[备考必背]
①辨析contain，include和hold
contain着重指“内有“，被包含的东西既可有形，也可无形；include着重指被包含者只是整体的一部分；hold作“容纳”讲时，主要指容量。
- The house contains four rooms.
这所房子有四个房间。
- There are eight people, including three women.
这儿有八个人，包括三个女的。
- This bottle can hold two glasses of milk.
这个瓶子能装两杯牛奶。（指瓶子的容量）
②派生词：container container n①容器 ②集装箱
contribution contribution n
①捐款，捐赠物 ②贡献 ③投稿[特征]
contributions to the relief fund 捐给救济基金的款项
- The editor is short of contributions for the May issue.
编辑缺少编五月号刊物的稿件。
[备考必背] 重要词组
make a contribution to/toward ... 对……做出贡献
- The scientist made great contributions to science.
这位科学家为科学做出了巨大的贡献。
control control n. & v.指挥，控制，支配
[特征]
- The fire was under control.
火势已得到控制。
- They want to control our life.
他们想控制我们的生活。
[贴心叮咛]
control既可作动词，也可作名词。它是一个非常重要的词，它的相关词组一定要牢牢掌握。
[备考必背] 重要词组
under the control of 在……的控制下 out of control 失去控制
- Her car went out of control. 她的汽车失去了控制。
lose control of ... 对……失去控制
- John lost control of the car and crashed into a shop.
约翰的汽车失灵了，撞进一家商店。
be in control of 控制，管理
- He was in control of - He was in control of this program他负责这个项目。
corn corn n
①玉米，小麦 ②谷物，五谷[特征]
美国人称“玉米”为corn，英国人称“小麦”为corn。此外，corn还有“谷物，五谷”的意思，相当于grain。
sweet corn 甜玉米 corn flakes 玉米片
- Corn is - Corn is a very useful plant玉米是一种非常有用的作物。
- Was the camel carrying corn?
那头骆驼驮的是谷物吗？
correspond correspond vi①符合，一致 ②与……相当 ③（与人）通信
[特征]
- The items don”t correspond with my order.
这些条目与我的订货单不符。（表示“与……一致”，用介词with）
- His expenses do not correspond to his income.
他入不敷出。（表示“与……相当”，用介词to）
- He is corresponding with his teacher.
他正在和他的老师通信。（表示“与某人通信”，用介词with）
couple couple n①（一）对，（一）双 ②夫妇
[特征]
a couple of socks 一双袜子
- My sister and her husband are a happy couple.
我姐姐和她丈夫是对幸福的夫妻。
[考点]
the couple（一对夫妻）作主语时，谓语可以用复数形式，也可以用单数形式。
- The old couple have/has just left.
老两口刚走。
[备考必背]
①a couple of的意思是“一对，两个”，也可以是“几个”。
- I will stay here for a couple of days.
我要在这待几天。（不一定是两天，这是一种口语用法）
②美国人通常在a couple后面直接加名词，不用of，如：a couple days（两天）；而英国人则不省略，只有加上more，less，too many等程度副词时才可省略of，如：a couple more apples（再多两个苹果）。
③辨析a couple和a pair
a couple指任何同类的东西，可以使成对的，也可以是不成对的，如：a couple of shoes；而a pair则指两件不可分割的东西，或一件东西的两个部分，如：a pair of trousers。
courage courage n勇气，胆量
[特征]
courage是一个可数名词。
- The soldier was awarded for his great courage in the battle.
这名战士因为在战斗中表现得非常英勇而受到奖励。
- My uncle is a man of courage.
我叔叔是个勇敢的人。
[贴心叮咛]
courage是一个名词，别把它当成动词。一定要记住courage的几个词组。
[备考必背] 重要词组
lose courage lose courag失去勇气 keep up courage 不气馁 with courage with courag勇敢地
- Although blinded, he faced the future with courage.
虽然失明了，但他仍勇敢地面对未来。
course course n
①课程 ②过程；路程[特征]
the high school course 中学课程
- The students are having a course in maths.
同学们正在上数学课。
- The ship was blown off course.
那船被吹离了航线。
- Wars have influenced the course of history.
战争影响了历史的进程。
[贴心叮咛]
course绝对算是中学阶段一个非常重要的单词，它的词组非常多，考点也很多，我们详细地讲解，同学们也一定要多下点功夫。
[考点]
①重要词组
of course 当然 take one”s course 照某人的意思去做
during the course of 在……期间 the course of life 人生的历程
②辨析in the course of 和in course of
in the course of的意思是“在……的过程中，在……期间”，相当于during the course of；而in course of 的意思是“正在……”。
- In the course of lesson, the teacher noticed that one of the students looked sick.
在讲课过程中，老师发现其中有个学生好像生病了。
The railway is in course of construction.
铁路正在修筑中。
crime crime n犯罪，犯罪行为
[特征]
- Theft or murder is a crime.
盗窃或谋杀都是犯罪行为。
[贴心叮咛]
crime主要指刑事犯罪。
[备考必背] 重要词组
commit a crime 犯罪
- If you commit a crime, you must expect to be punished.
如果你犯了罪就必须受到惩罚。
cure cure v治愈，治疗 n. 治愈，疗法，药物
[特征]
cure作动词“治疗”讲时，主语可以是医生也可以是药物，其后的宾语可以是病人，也可以是病症。
- The doctor may cure the pain in your hand.
医生也许能治好你手上的疼痛。
- The medicine will cure your cold.
这种药会治好你的感冒。
- Aspirin is a wonderful cure for colds.
阿司匹林是治感冒的妙药。
[贴心叮咛]
cure的用法很重要，还要将它与heal区别开来。
[考点] 重要词组
no cure for 无药可救 cure sb. of ... 治愈某人的病
- The doctor cured me of my headache.
医生治好了我的头痛。
a cure for 治愈……的办法
- Is there a certain cure for cancer yet?
现在有一种能有效治疗癌症的方法吗？
[备考必背] 辨析cure和heal
这两者都是“治愈”的意思，但含义不同。cure特指病后恢复健康；heal含有使之完整之意，特别针对伤口或灼伤而言。
- I took some medicine, and that cured me.
我服了些药，病就好了。
- The wound on my arm has healed.
我胳膊上的伤已治好了。
custom custom n习惯，风俗
[特征]
- It is a Chinese custom to eat Jiaozi on New Year”s Eve.
除夕吃饺子是中国人的一种风俗习惯。
[练习与解答]
- Social - Socia vary from country to country.
A. habits vary from country to country.
A. habits B. traditions C. customs D. manner答案：C
（国与国之间社会习俗各不相同。custom指群体的习惯和行为模式，表示一个国家、民族在社会发展中长期沿袭下来的习俗；habit多指个人的行为习惯；tradition多指历史上沿袭下来的习惯，具有历史意义和继承价值的习俗、传统习惯；manners表示礼貌，指人所表现出的行为举止或风度，常用复数形式。）
