题文
The earliest newspapers started in ancient Rome. They were handwritten news sheets. The first printed newspapers appeared in China during the Tang dynasty, which were printed from carved(雕刻的) wooden blocks. Modern papers first appeared in Venice, Italy in the middle of the 14th century. The newspapers of today, with advertising and a mixture of political, economic, and social news and comments, were started in Britain in the mid-18th century.The main function of newspapers is to report news. Many newspapers also provide special information to readers, such as weather reports and television timetables. They also provide comments on politics, economics, arts and culture. Almost all newspapers depend on advertising to make money.
Nearly six out of ten adults in the United States and Canada read a newspaper every day. Seven out of ten read a paper each weekend. Readers search newspapers for de-tailed background information(背景资料)and analysis(分析). This is what television and radio news reports seldom offer. Newspapers tell readers what happened, and they also help readers understand what caused an event and how it will affect the world around them.
The workers at large newspaper companies work under a lot of pressure to bring news to readers as soon as possible. Reporters, photographers, artists, and editors collect articles in just a few hours. Page designers select articles, photos, advertisements, and eye-catching headlines to make the pages, and then rush their work to the printer. Printing workers may work overnight around printing presses to churn out more than 60,000 copies per hour.
小题1:Which is the best title for the passage?A．Production of NewspapersB．Functions of NewspapersC．Publication of Newspapers D．An Introduction to Newspapers小题2:Modern newspapers were first made in ______.A．China B．Ancient RomeC．Italy D．Britain小题3:What is the main idea of the third paragraph? A．Most adults in America and Canada read newspapers every day.B．The importance of newspapers in people’s lives.C．Newspapers offer readers detailed information.D．The effects of newspapers on readers.小题4:We can infer everything from the passage EXCEPT that ______.A．newspapers will become less popular because of the development of TVB．few newspapers have no advertisingC．many adults in America read newspapers every day D．people can read about many different issues in newspapers小题5:The phrase "churn out" in the last paragraph probably means ______.A．press B．produceC．publish D．sell 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:A
小题5:B
解析
这篇文章讲述了报纸的起源和发展，以及报纸的功能，表达了报纸在人们的生活中发挥着非常重要的作用。
小题1:主旨题，这篇文章主要给我们介绍了报纸的起源，发展及功能。故选D
小题2:细节题。根据文章Modern papers first appeared in Venice, Italy in the middle of the 14th century.可知，现代报纸首次出现在意大利，威尼斯。故选C
小题3:细节题。文章第三段主要讲了在美国和加拿大每天都有十分之六的人读报纸，十分之七的人每周都要读报纸，报纸给人们提供了很多事件的详细信息和分析。可知，报纸在人们的生活中有着非常重要的作用。故选B
小题4:细节题。这篇文章讲了所有的报纸都包含广告，在美国，十分之六的美国人每天都读报纸，通过报纸，人们能了解很多不同的事情，文章并没有说随着电视的发展，报纸变得不受欢迎了。故选A
小题5:推断题。根据文章Printing workers may work overnight around printing presses to churn out more than 60,000 copies per hour.印刷工人在印刷机旁边工作到深夜，要在每小时印刷出6万多份的报纸。可知，churn out的意思是印刷，生产。故选B
点评：本文文脉清晰，结构很好把握。说明文是历年高考很常见的文体，对于科技类的说明文比较难，而对于说物的文体较容易。本文中，把握好一个中心即报纸制作的历史。同时，此类文章细节题居多，在对文章看懂了的基础在仔细对比选项和文章，即可得出答案。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“The earliest newspap.....”主要考查你对 [历史文化类阅读 ]考点的理解。历史文化类阅读
什么是历史文化类阅读：
本类题型常用的方式是夹叙夹议。叙述的目的是为了议，所以要把握其议才是主要方面。阅读这类文章，先弄清其引入的话题，再弄清里面人物对其不同的看法，然后理解作者本身对话题的观点看法或思考。
历史文化类阅读技巧：
【题型说明】历史文化类阅读理解文章属高考常选材料之一。这类文章常涉及历史、文化、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、等等。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题、事实细节题上。
【答题方法】在做这类阅读理解题时，我们应注意以下几个方面：
1、采用先题后文：先读题目，再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓细节。
2、先做细节题。因为做完了局部性的事实细节题后，自然会加深我们对文章的理解，这样更有利于做主旨大意题。
3、重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是Main idea型；一类是Topic或Title型。
在解答这类试题时应注意以下几点：
a．读首句抓大意。
文化教育类阅读理解文章多采用说明文、议论文体裁，而这类文章大都采用文章段落的中心，即主题句在文章开头。因此，要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需要研究文章的首句。
b．读尾句抓大意。
有时这类文章的主题句安排在文章的结尾，作为对全篇的总结。
c．读首段抓大意。
有些文章或段落的开头和结尾部分都有主题句。这种结构是为了突出主题思想而使用两次点题的写作方法。这两个主题句在句子结构和用词上有所不同，而且在内容上前句和后句也不重复。
d．从段落中抓大意。
有些文章或段落的主题句在文章中，这种文章或段落往往以一句话或几句话引出要表达的主题，在主题句出现后，再举例子陈述细节或继续论证。
e．归纳要点抓大意。
有些文章或段落无明显的主题句，只是暗示性地体现主题。这就要求同学们在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实或线索来概括总结主旨大意。
