题文
The air bag is a piece of safety equipment in cars. It was first designed by John W. Hetrick in 1952. Like many inventions, he came up with the idea as a result of an event that had occurred in his life. He says:“In the spring of 1952, my wife, my seven-year-old daughter, Joan, and I were out for a Sunday drive in our 1948 Chrysler Windsor. about three miles outside Newport we were watching for deer jumping across the road. Suddenly, there was a large rock in our path. I hit the brakes and we went into a ditch(壕沟).
“As I applied the brakes, both my wife and I threw our hands up to keep our daughter from hitting the car. There was soft mud in the ditch, so the car wasn’t damaged, and no one was hurt.”
“During the ride home I couldn’t stop thinking about the accident. I asked myself,‘Why couldn’t some object come out to stop you from striking the inside of the car?’As soon as I got home that night I drew some sketches(草图). Each evening for the following two weeks, I’d add or reduce something from the sketches.”
Hetrick applied an event he had observed while in the Navy to the design of the air bag. He was repairing a torpedo(鱼雷) which had a cloth covering. When the compressed（压缩的） air that was in the torpedo was let out, the covering was suddenly filled with air and was shot to the ceiling.
With this knowledge, he developed his design until he was able to obtain a patent on the invention on August 5, 1952. The idea was similar to the air bag designs of today. Compressed air is stored in a container and when a traffic accident occurs and the car slows down at a rapid enough rate, the air will be released into the air bag. The idea was ingenious, but Hetrick’s air bag never would have functioned properly. It was really a breakthrough, but it would require years and years of designing and testing by some top car designers before it could be used.
小题1:The car accident Hetrick was involved in ________.A．damaged his carB．happened in 1948C．was caused by a deerD．caused no harm to his family小题2:Hetrick’s experience in the Navy________.A．turned out to be dangerousB．was helpful to his inventionC．involved designing torpedoesD．inspired him to design an air bag小题3:The underlined word “ingenious” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.A．creativeB．ridiculousC．crazyD．complex小题4:What do we know about the air bag Hetrick designed?A．It came into use in the 1950s.B．It performed perfectly in car accidents.C．It prepared the way for air bags nowadays.D．It took Hetrick about two months to develop it.小题5:The text is mainly about ____.A．the great inventor HetrickB．The invention of air bagsC．a terrible car accidentD．road safety in the 1950s 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:B
解析
这篇文章讲的是气囊是如何发明的。一方面是John W. Hetrick自己的一次车祸，还有在海军的经历都促使他发明了气囊。
小题1:细节题：从第三段的句子：There was soft mud in the ditch, so the car wasn’t damaged, and no one was hurt.”可知那次车祸中没有人受伤。选D
小题2:细节题：从倒数第二段的句子：Hetrick applied an event he had observed while in the Navy to the design of the air bag. 可知他在海军的经历对这个发明是有帮助的。选B
小题3:猜词题：从前面的句子：Compressed air is stored in a container and when a traffic accident occurs and the car slows down at a rapid enough rate, the air will be released into the air bag. 可知这个想法很有创造力。选A
小题4:细节题：从最后一段的句子：The idea was similar to the air bag designs of today. but it would require years and years of designing and testing by some top car designers before it could be used.
可知他的发明为现在的气囊设计做了准备。选C
小题5:主旨题：从第一段的句子：The air bag is a piece of safety equipment in cars. It was first designed by John W. Hetrick in 1952. Like many inventions,可知这篇文章讲的是气囊的发明。选B
点评：这篇文章讲的是气囊是如何发明的。这篇阅读理解集中考查了细节题，要求考生仔细阅读全文，做好相应的标志，以提高阅读的效率和速度，做题时要审清题干，发觉和把握试题中有效的提示性信息，确认命题的角度、阅读范围和答题方式。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“The air bag is a pie.....”主要考查你对 [历史文化类阅读 ]考点的理解。历史文化类阅读
什么是历史文化类阅读：
本类题型常用的方式是夹叙夹议。叙述的目的是为了议，所以要把握其议才是主要方面。阅读这类文章，先弄清其引入的话题，再弄清里面人物对其不同的看法，然后理解作者本身对话题的观点看法或思考。
历史文化类阅读技巧：
【题型说明】历史文化类阅读理解文章属高考常选材料之一。这类文章常涉及历史、文化、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、等等。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题、事实细节题上。
【答题方法】在做这类阅读理解题时，我们应注意以下几个方面：
1、采用先题后文：先读题目，再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓细节。
2、先做细节题。因为做完了局部性的事实细节题后，自然会加深我们对文章的理解，这样更有利于做主旨大意题。
3、重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是Main idea型；一类是Topic或Title型。
在解答这类试题时应注意以下几点：
a．读首句抓大意。
文化教育类阅读理解文章多采用说明文、议论文体裁，而这类文章大都采用文章段落的中心，即主题句在文章开头。因此，要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需要研究文章的首句。
b．读尾句抓大意。
有时这类文章的主题句安排在文章的结尾，作为对全篇的总结。
c．读首段抓大意。
有些文章或段落的开头和结尾部分都有主题句。这种结构是为了突出主题思想而使用两次点题的写作方法。这两个主题句在句子结构和用词上有所不同，而且在内容上前句和后句也不重复。
d．从段落中抓大意。
有些文章或段落的主题句在文章中，这种文章或段落往往以一句话或几句话引出要表达的主题，在主题句出现后，再举例子陈述细节或继续论证。
e．归纳要点抓大意。
有些文章或段落无明显的主题句，只是暗示性地体现主题。这就要求同学们在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实或线索来概括总结主旨大意。
