题文
Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you, specifically, what the values are which Americans live by. They have never given the matter any thought.Over the years I have introduced thousands of international visitors to life in the United States. This has caused me to try to look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors, I am confident that the values listed in this booklet describe most （but not all ）Americans, and that understanding these values can help you, the international visitor, understand Americans.
It is my belief that if foreign visitors really understand how deeply these 13 values are ingrained in Americans, they will then be able to understand 95% of American actions —actions which might otherwise appear “strange,”“ confusing,” or “unbelievable” when evaluated from the perspective （aspect） of the foreigner's own society and its values.
The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of that particular group. When you encounter （meet） an action, or hear a statement in the United States which surprises you, try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed in this booklet.
小题1: An ordinary American can't tell you his / her value system because______.A．this is something an American lives byB．everyone will have his/her own systemC．he/she has never thought about itD．values are something often in their thought小题2: The author lists 13 values in his booklet to_____.A．invite foreigners to visit AmericaB．look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitorsC．describe the confusing actions of most AmericansD．help international visitors understand Americans小题3:The underlined word “ingrained” in Line 2, Paragraph 3 most probably means ______.A．rooted in the minds B．found in the grainsC．planted for foodD．prepared with grain小题4: Visitors sometimes find Americans behave in a strange, confusing or unbelievable way, probably because___.A．Americans are hard to understandB．Americans have values which are entirely different from their ownC．they view Americans according to the values in their own societyD．it is difficult to understand any people when you first encounter them 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:C
解析
文章讲述了作者总结了13种美国人的价值观，如果理解了这些就能够更好的理解美国人，而之所以会感到困惑是因为很多外国人只是用自己的价值观来看待美国人。
小题1:细节题。从文章They have never given the matter any thought.可知一个普通的美国人不能告诉你他的价值观，因为他们根本都没有考虑过这个问题，故选C
小题2:细节题。从文章I am confident that the values listed in this booklet describe most （but not all ）Americans, and that understanding these values can help you, the international visitor, understand Americans.可知作者是为了能够帮助不同国家的旅行者们更加了解美国人，故选D
小题3:推断题。从文章It is my belief that if foreign visitors really understand how deeply these 13 values are ingrained in Americans, they will then be able to understand 95% of American actions 可知，这13种价值观是在美国人中非常普遍的，了解了这些，也就能理解95%的美国人行为，故这里应该是根深蒂固的，故选A
小题4:细节题。从文章actions which might otherwise appear “strange,”“ confusing,” or “unbelievable” when evaluated from the perspective （aspect） of the foreigner's own society and its values.可知，很多的人是用他们自己社会文化来看待美国人的行为，所以他们觉得困惑，故选C
点评：对于此类题，可以通过文章结构中所提的问题来迅速的理解全文，对整体段落的概括也相对容易。答题过程中在结合题目在文章中准确定位，相信每个题目都在文章中能找到相应的地方，把握好作者的意思准确作答。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Most Americans would.....”主要考查你对 [历史文化类阅读 ]考点的理解。历史文化类阅读
什么是历史文化类阅读：
本类题型常用的方式是夹叙夹议。叙述的目的是为了议，所以要把握其议才是主要方面。阅读这类文章，先弄清其引入的话题，再弄清里面人物对其不同的看法，然后理解作者本身对话题的观点看法或思考。
历史文化类阅读技巧：
【题型说明】历史文化类阅读理解文章属高考常选材料之一。这类文章常涉及历史、文化、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、等等。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题、事实细节题上。
【答题方法】在做这类阅读理解题时，我们应注意以下几个方面：
1、采用先题后文：先读题目，再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓细节。
2、先做细节题。因为做完了局部性的事实细节题后，自然会加深我们对文章的理解，这样更有利于做主旨大意题。
3、重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是Main idea型；一类是Topic或Title型。
在解答这类试题时应注意以下几点：
a．读首句抓大意。
文化教育类阅读理解文章多采用说明文、议论文体裁，而这类文章大都采用文章段落的中心，即主题句在文章开头。因此，要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需要研究文章的首句。
b．读尾句抓大意。
有时这类文章的主题句安排在文章的结尾，作为对全篇的总结。
c．读首段抓大意。
有些文章或段落的开头和结尾部分都有主题句。这种结构是为了突出主题思想而使用两次点题的写作方法。这两个主题句在句子结构和用词上有所不同，而且在内容上前句和后句也不重复。
d．从段落中抓大意。
有些文章或段落的主题句在文章中，这种文章或段落往往以一句话或几句话引出要表达的主题，在主题句出现后，再举例子陈述细节或继续论证。
e．归纳要点抓大意。
有些文章或段落无明显的主题句，只是暗示性地体现主题。这就要求同学们在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实或线索来概括总结主旨大意。
