题文
What is the difference between a college and a university? This is a good question for students who want to attend a college or a university in the United States.Colleges and universities have many things in common. Both provide a greater understanding of the world and its past. Both provide education in the arts and sciences. And both can help prepare young people to earn a living.
Students who complete their undergraduate studies either at a four-year college or a university receive a bachelor’s degree. One difference is that many colleges do not offer graduate studies.
Universities are generally bigger, offer more programs and do more research. Modern universities developed from those of the Middle Ages in Europe. The word “university” comes from the Latin “universitas”. This described a group of people organized for a common purpose. The word “college” comes from a Latin word with a similar meaning, “collegium”. In England, colleges were formed to provide students with places to live in. Usually each group of students was studying the same thing. So college came to mean an area of study. But a college can also be a part of a university. The first American universities divided their studies into a number of areas and called each one a college. This is still true.
Programs in higher learning may also be called schools. The University of Arizona in Tucson, for example, has 18 colleges and 10 schools. They include the colleges of pharmacy (制药学), education, engineering and law. They also include the schools of architecture, dance and public administration.
College is also used as a general term for higher education. A news report might talk about “college students” even if they include students at universities. Or someone might ask, “Where do you go to college?”
Today, most American colleges offer an area of study called liberal arts. These are subjects first developed and taught in ancient Greece. They include language, philosophy and mathematics. The purpose is to train a person’s mind instead of teaching job skills.
小题1:The passage is probably written to _________. A．persuade students to go to college instead of schoolsB．tell students the differences between colleges and universities C．help students make a better choice of what kind of colleges they should go toD．inform students about how much they are going to spend in going to college小题2:When the term “college students” appears in a newspaper, it may refer to ________.A．only students studying in collegesB．students studying in colleges in the USA C．only students studying in universitiesD．students receiving higher education小题3:What can we learn from the passage?A．Both universities and colleges include different schools.B．The purpose of liberal arts is to train a person’s job skill.C．Both universities and colleges can help prepare students to make a living.D．Most American universities have 18 colleges and 10 schools.小题4:The area of study called liberal arts is designed to _______.A．get students ready to earn a livingB．teach students subjects from engineering to philosophyC．help students achieve a stronger and clearer mindD．encourage more students to begin the study of arts 题型：未知 难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:C
解析
本文叙述了college 和university的由来。并陈述了现在社会上两者存在的不同点。
小题1:这是作者意图题。根据What is the difference between a college and a university? This is a good question for students who want to attend a college or a university in the United States. ，作者写这篇文章的目的是向准备在美国留学的学生解释college和university的异同的。故选B。
小题2:这是细节理解题。文章倒数第二段解释了college students现在普遍指的是接受高等教育的学生。故选D。
小题3:这是细节理解题。Colleges and universities have many things in common. Both provide a greater understanding of the world and its past. Both provide education in the arts and sciences. And both can help prepare young people to earn a living. college和university都能给学生提供教育，帮助他们为以后怎样谋生做准备。故选C。
小题4:这是细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The purpose is to train a person’s mind instead of teaching job skills.”可得知答案C。
点评：阅读理解题目中的作者意图题目可以包括意图、态度、目的题目，在考试中出现的比率很大。不同的文章可能有不同的写作意图,但写作意图通常有以下三种：1）to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑） 2) to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点）3) to inform readers（告知读者某些信息）
根据文体类别推断写作目的这就要求我们了解在历年高考阅读题中，不同文体与三种写作意图类型的大致对应关系，这有助于做好此类试题。第一种写作意图（to entertain readers）常见于故事类的文章。第二种写作意图（to persuade readers，to sell a product or a service），或是要通过对旅游景点﹑报刊杂志﹑影片﹑电视节目等的介绍来达到他的写作目的：吸引更多的游客﹑读者或订户﹑观众等（to attract more visitors / readers / audience）。第三种写作意图（to inform readers）多见于科普类﹑新闻报道类﹑文化类或社会类的文章，了解这类文章的写作目的有赖于对文章主题的正确把握，阅读时有必要找准文章的主题句，或较好地对主题加以归纳。
本文的主题句是在开头。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“What is the differen.....”主要考查你对 [政治经济类阅读 ]考点的理解。政治经济类阅读
政治经济类文章的概念：
要做好这类阅读，平时就要注意了解国内外发生的政治经济大事，掌握一定背景知识，对这类文章的叙述特点及内容安排有一定了解，还要扩展这方面的词汇。阅读这类文章，要抓住文章的核心，即文章整体和各段主要在说什么，也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系。
如何备考政治经济类阅读理解题：
【题型说明】政治经济类阅读文章是高考常选材料之一。该类文章时代气息浓郁，语言鲜活，但熟字新义词、超纲词及专业词语多，长句、难句多。政治类文章大多数是同学们感性趣的内容，读起来倒有似曾相识的感觉，经济类文章读起来就像是雾里看花，文章看完，一头雾水。再加之这类文章的命题侧重于词义猜测、推理判断和文章主旨，同学们对这类题材是望而生畏。
【备考策略】建立心理优势。针对不同体裁的文章，我们要采取相应的阅读方法和技巧。政治类文章多采用记叙文形式，我们可采取“顺读法”，以便抓关键语句，领会文章主旨；而经济类文章则多采用说明文形式，我们则可以采取“逆读法”，先读试题，再从文章中查找有用信息。若遇到的确难读的材料。千万不用着急，因为你觉得难，其他人也一定是同感。在高考前，我们就要有这种心理准备，高考试卷肯定有一、两篇难以阅读的材料。不过，我们平时可以有意识地从报刊杂志上找一些较难的阅读材料来阅读，以培养自己迎难而上的心理素质。
【答题方法】
1、寻找主干：
根据英语中五种基本句型结构，把句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来，其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则易于理解。找到了句子主干，句子的意思至少明白了一半。
2、剔除从句：
在一个长句中可能会出现若干个从句，在理解时，如果把各个从句剔除出来单独理解，然后把大意拼凑起来，整个长句的意思就会明白六、七分。
3、辨别分句：
一个长句如果是由几个并列、转折、递进、对比关系的分句组成，句中往往有表示这些分句关系的连接词，只要能弄清楚分句和分句之间的逻辑关系，再把各层分句的意思加以连贯，整个长句的句意基本上能跃然脑中。
4、寻找关键词：
如果一个句子看完，一点句意的感觉也没有，下下策就是抓住句中的关键词，通过关键词大体弄懂这个长句的意思。
