题文
Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.
The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；Someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.
Other early surnames came from people’s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter — a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter —a person who made pots and pans.
The ancestors(祖先) of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.
Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.
Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name. English-speaking people added –s or –son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.
小题1:Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?A．Places where people lived.B．People’s occupations.C．Talents that people possessed.D．People’s characters.小题2:According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _______.A．owned or drove a cartB．made things with metalsC．built houses and furnitureD．made kitchen tools or contains小题3:Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _______.A．Donald GreenwoodB．Leonard CarterC．George Longstreet D．Beatrice Smith小题4:The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a person’s _______.A．later sponsorsB．later generationsC．friends and relativesD．colleagues and partners 题型：未知 难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:D
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:B
解析
本文讲述了西方人名是根据什么来取名的。比如说，根据居住的地方来取名的，根据人们的职业，根据人们所拥有的哪方面的才能来取名。
小题1:根据文中第四，五，六三段可知ABC选项内容均有提到，只有D选项“人物的性格”未提及。
小题2:文中第六段potter-a person who made pots and pans,可知potter 意为一个制作茶壶和平底锅的人， pots and pans均是厨房用品，由此推断选D
小题3:根据文中倒数第二段可知一些人取名是根据特征而来。比如灰色头发的人取名john Gray，高个的人取名john Tallman. 所以根据题意，居住在森林旁边的人取名为Donald Greenwood
小题4:根据最后一段第一二行“some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name. The Johnsons are descendants of John可知descendants指的是后代
点评：本文讲述了西方人名是根据什么来取名的。本文内容比较简单，集中考查细节较多，在阅读时注意关键的细节内容，做好标志，以提高阅读的效率。答题前一定要读懂全文，一定要注意体会重要线索，然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Have you ever wonder.....”主要考查你对 [政治经济类阅读 ]考点的理解。政治经济类阅读
政治经济类文章的概念：
要做好这类阅读，平时就要注意了解国内外发生的政治经济大事，掌握一定背景知识，对这类文章的叙述特点及内容安排有一定了解，还要扩展这方面的词汇。阅读这类文章，要抓住文章的核心，即文章整体和各段主要在说什么，也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系。
如何备考政治经济类阅读理解题：
【题型说明】政治经济类阅读文章是高考常选材料之一。该类文章时代气息浓郁，语言鲜活，但熟字新义词、超纲词及专业词语多，长句、难句多。政治类文章大多数是同学们感性趣的内容，读起来倒有似曾相识的感觉，经济类文章读起来就像是雾里看花，文章看完，一头雾水。再加之这类文章的命题侧重于词义猜测、推理判断和文章主旨，同学们对这类题材是望而生畏。
【备考策略】建立心理优势。针对不同体裁的文章，我们要采取相应的阅读方法和技巧。政治类文章多采用记叙文形式，我们可采取“顺读法”，以便抓关键语句，领会文章主旨；而经济类文章则多采用说明文形式，我们则可以采取“逆读法”，先读试题，再从文章中查找有用信息。若遇到的确难读的材料。千万不用着急，因为你觉得难，其他人也一定是同感。在高考前，我们就要有这种心理准备，高考试卷肯定有一、两篇难以阅读的材料。不过，我们平时可以有意识地从报刊杂志上找一些较难的阅读材料来阅读，以培养自己迎难而上的心理素质。
【答题方法】
1、寻找主干：
根据英语中五种基本句型结构，把句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来，其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则易于理解。找到了句子主干，句子的意思至少明白了一半。
2、剔除从句：
在一个长句中可能会出现若干个从句，在理解时，如果把各个从句剔除出来单独理解，然后把大意拼凑起来，整个长句的意思就会明白六、七分。
3、辨别分句：
一个长句如果是由几个并列、转折、递进、对比关系的分句组成，句中往往有表示这些分句关系的连接词，只要能弄清楚分句和分句之间的逻辑关系，再把各层分句的意思加以连贯，整个长句的句意基本上能跃然脑中。
4、寻找关键词：
如果一个句子看完，一点句意的感觉也没有，下下策就是抓住句中的关键词，通过关键词大体弄懂这个长句的意思。
