题文
The United Nations is warning that the world is not prepared to deal with the fast growth of cities. The World Economic and Social Survey 2013 calls for new ways to meet the needs of city populations. More than 6.5 billion people are expected to be living in cities by 2050.Most new city dwellers will be in developing countries. The United Nations says the effect on limited resources in many countries will be huge. The World Economic and Social Survey points to the increasing demand for energy, water, sanitation, public services, education and health care.
The world population is expected to rise to more than nine billion by 2050, two-thirds of all people are expected to live in cities. The United Nations says about 80 percent of this growing urban population will be found in Africa and Asia.
The report says sustainable development of urban areas requires coordination and investments to deal with important issues, these include land-use, food security, job creation and transportation.
Willem Van Der Geest is with the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, he says cities need to work closely with rural communities, so that food supplies can be secured, and the environment can be protected.
"We need enough integration(整合，融合) with cities... An integration between the rural and urban economies is absolutely vital for issues of nutrition, food security, and environmental sustainability."
The report says development in a sustainable（可持续发展）way is important to end poverty. The report also examines the problem of food insecurity, which affects hundreds of millions of people around the world. One in eight people still severely lack nutrition.
UN officials say some things are clear. The Assistant Secretary-General for Economic Development, Shamshad Akhtar, says world food production will have to increase by 70%, that increase will be needed to feed the additional 2.3 billion people expected on the planet by the middle of the century. She says an important part of meeting that need is to waste less food. "There has to be efforts to reduce food wastage. ."
Food and nutrition security are core elements of the sustainable development agenda.
小题1:The survey includes the following statements except that ______.A．varieties of demands are hard to meet because of the increasing population in Africa and Asia.B．one way to put an end to poverty is to be able to develop for a long time.C．transportation is an important issue to deal with when it comes to sustainable development of urban areas.D．hundreds of millions of people around the world are affected by the problem of food insecurity.小题2:From the passage we can infer that ______.A．cities grow so fast that the world can’t find out new ways to deal with the growing population.B．the growing city dwellers who mainly come from the developing countries greatly challenge limited resources in the world.C．sustainable development of urban areas requires coordination and investments to deal with important issuesD．food wastage is an effective way to feed the additional 2.3 biilion people by the middle of the century.小题3:What is the best titile of the passage?A．The World Economic and Social Survey 2013.B．City Population Will Increase to 9 Billion.C．Cities Need to Cooperate with Rural Areas.D．The World Is Not Prepared to Deal with the Fast Growth of Cities.小题4:The passage is chosen from ______.A．a textbookB．a travel guideC．a novelD．a newspaper 题型：未知 难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:D
解析
世界还没有做好处理如此快速城市化的准备，因此这个机构要拿出新办法来满足城市人口的需要，以及城市化进程面临的挑战，一些措施：大力整合城市可以改进营养不良、土地、食品安全等问题，同时提到缓解贫穷的重要方式是可持续发展，其核心要素要重视食品营养安全。
小题1:A 细节理解题。文章只是说“call for”，且下文还提出了可行办法。故A观点片面；B项根据第七段第一句“The report says development in a sustainable（可持续发展）way is important to end poverty.”可知正确；C项根据第四段最后一句“these include land-use, food security, job creation and transportation.”正确；D项与第七段第二句相符。故选A。
小题2:B 推理判断题。A项说得太过绝对，且最后可清楚知道“wast eless food”是方式之一；B项根据第二段“he United Nations says the effect on limited resources in many countries will be huge.”、第三段“The United Nations says about 80 percent of this growing urban population will be found in Africa and Asia.”可知是正确。C项原文直接出现；D 项根据第八段说：粮食生产必必需增加到70%，增加的这部分将可供养2.3 billion people。所以不对。
小题3:D 主旨大意题。文章主要讲未来全球人口增长极城市化进程，在进程中面临的挑战以及一些解决措施。A项，文章通过对2013年世界经济和社会调查引出城市化面临的问题，是文章内容之一；B项第三段第一句话提到，是个观点之一；C 项第五段第一句后面“he says cities need to work closely with rural communities,”也是观点之一；故D 正确。
小题4:D 归纳总结题。A 教科书；B 旅游指南；C 小说；D 报纸；文章涉及热点问题集出现较多的专业人员、专业术语。故D正确。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“The United Nations i.....”主要考查你对 [政治经济类阅读 ]考点的理解。政治经济类阅读
政治经济类文章的概念：
要做好这类阅读，平时就要注意了解国内外发生的政治经济大事，掌握一定背景知识，对这类文章的叙述特点及内容安排有一定了解，还要扩展这方面的词汇。阅读这类文章，要抓住文章的核心，即文章整体和各段主要在说什么，也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系。
如何备考政治经济类阅读理解题：
【题型说明】政治经济类阅读文章是高考常选材料之一。该类文章时代气息浓郁，语言鲜活，但熟字新义词、超纲词及专业词语多，长句、难句多。政治类文章大多数是同学们感性趣的内容，读起来倒有似曾相识的感觉，经济类文章读起来就像是雾里看花，文章看完，一头雾水。再加之这类文章的命题侧重于词义猜测、推理判断和文章主旨，同学们对这类题材是望而生畏。
【备考策略】建立心理优势。针对不同体裁的文章，我们要采取相应的阅读方法和技巧。政治类文章多采用记叙文形式，我们可采取“顺读法”，以便抓关键语句，领会文章主旨；而经济类文章则多采用说明文形式，我们则可以采取“逆读法”，先读试题，再从文章中查找有用信息。若遇到的确难读的材料。千万不用着急，因为你觉得难，其他人也一定是同感。在高考前，我们就要有这种心理准备，高考试卷肯定有一、两篇难以阅读的材料。不过，我们平时可以有意识地从报刊杂志上找一些较难的阅读材料来阅读，以培养自己迎难而上的心理素质。
【答题方法】
1、寻找主干：
根据英语中五种基本句型结构，把句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来，其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则易于理解。找到了句子主干，句子的意思至少明白了一半。
2、剔除从句：
在一个长句中可能会出现若干个从句，在理解时，如果把各个从句剔除出来单独理解，然后把大意拼凑起来，整个长句的意思就会明白六、七分。
3、辨别分句：
一个长句如果是由几个并列、转折、递进、对比关系的分句组成，句中往往有表示这些分句关系的连接词，只要能弄清楚分句和分句之间的逻辑关系，再把各层分句的意思加以连贯，整个长句的句意基本上能跃然脑中。
4、寻找关键词：
如果一个句子看完，一点句意的感觉也没有，下下策就是抓住句中的关键词，通过关键词大体弄懂这个长句的意思。
