题文
Face masks are commonly used in ceremonies and performances. They not only hide the real face of the mask wearer but they often evoke powerful emotions in the audience—danger, fear, sadness, joy. You might think, because so many things vary cross-culturally, that the ways in which emotions are displayed and recognized in the face vary too. Apparently they do not. Recent research on masks from different cultures supports the conclusion that masks, like faces, tend to represent certain emotions in the same ways. We now have some evidence that the symbolism used in masks is often universal.The research on masks builds on work done by anthropologists, who used photographs of individuals experiencing various emotions. These photographs were shown to members of different cultural groups who were asked to identify the emotions displayed in the photographs. Emotions were identified correctly by most viewers, whatever the viewer’s native culture.
Coding schemes were developed to enable researchers to compare the detailed facial positions of individual portions of die face (eyebrows, mouth, etc.) for different emotions. What exactly do we do when we scowl? We contract the eyebrows and lower the corners of the mouth; in geometric terms, we make angles and diagonals (斜线) on our faces. When we smile, we raise the corners of the mouth; we make it curved.
Psychologist Joel Arnoff and his colleagues compared two types of wooden face masks from many different societies—masks described as threatening versus masks associated with nonthreatening functions. As suspected, the two sets of masks had significant differences in certain facial elements. The threatening masks had eyebrows and eyes facing inward and downward and a downward-facing mouth. In more abstract or geometrical terms, threatening features generally tend to be angular or diagonal and nonthreatening features tend to be curved or rounded, a face with a pointed beard is threatening; a baby's face is not. The theory is that humans express and recognize basic emotions in uniform (一致的) ways because all human faces are quite similar, skeletally and muscularly.
小题1:What does the passage mainly discuss?A．The techniques for comparing facial expressions across cultures.B．The photography of faces.C．Cultural variations in mask.D．The uniformity of facial expressions in revealing emotions.小题2:According to the passage, masks are used in performances to _______.A．disguise the real emotions of the performersB．cause members of the audience to have strong emotionsC．remind the audience that an illusion is being createdD．identify the cultural background of the performers小题3:What does the author mean by stating, "the symbolism used in masks is often universal"?A．Masks are sometimes used to hide emotions.B．Performers often need help conveying emotions to an audience.C．Not all societies use masks in their rituals.D．People from different cultures generally express certain emotions in similar ways.小题4:The passage mentions "baby’s face" in the last paragraph as an example of a _______.A．typical human faceB．source of inspiration in the creation of masksC．nonthreatening faceD．face that expresses few emotions 题型：未知 难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:C
解析
试题解析：本文通过在一些仪式和演出中的面具的世界性引出了自己的观点：面具和人类的脸一样总是用同意的方式表达某些情感，并提出一系列的论据来支持自己的观点。
小题1:D主旨大意题。根据最后一段最有一句话：The theory is that humans express and recognize basic emotions in uniform (一致的) ways because all human faces are quite similar, skeletally and muscularly.人类用一致的方式来表达和识别基本情绪，因为所有人的面孔、骨骼和肌肉都很相似，所以D正确。
小题2:B细节推理题。根据第一段第一句话：Face masks are commonly used in ceremonies and performances. They not only hide the real face of the mask wearer but they often evoke powerful emotions in the audience—danger, fear, sadness, joy.面具常用于仪式和表演，他们不仅隐藏面具佩戴者的真正表情，而且常常唤起观众的强烈的的真实情感：危险，恐惧，悲伤，快乐。所以B正确。
小题3:D理解推断题。根据第一段第二句：because so many things vary cross-culturally, that the ways in which emotions are displayed and recognized in the face vary too. Apparently they do not. Recent research on masks from different cultures supports the conclusion that masks, like faces, tend to represent certain emotions in the same ways.因为很多事情跨文化而不同，，在脸上展示和识别情绪显的方式也不同。显然不是这样。近期关于来自不同文化的面具来的研究支持这一结论：面具，和脸一样，总是以相同方式代表特定的情绪。所以D正确
小题4:C细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句In more abstract or geometrical terms, threatening features generally tend to be angular or diagonal and nonthreatening features tend to be curved or rounded, a face with a pointed beard is threatening; a baby's face is not.在更抽象的几何图形里，威胁的特点往往是角或斜的。没有威胁的特点往往是弯曲或圆形，有胡子的脸是威胁性的；婴儿的脸是不是。所以C正确。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Face masks are commo.....”主要考查你对 [政治经济类阅读 ]考点的理解。政治经济类阅读
政治经济类文章的概念：
要做好这类阅读，平时就要注意了解国内外发生的政治经济大事，掌握一定背景知识，对这类文章的叙述特点及内容安排有一定了解，还要扩展这方面的词汇。阅读这类文章，要抓住文章的核心，即文章整体和各段主要在说什么，也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系。
如何备考政治经济类阅读理解题：
【题型说明】政治经济类阅读文章是高考常选材料之一。该类文章时代气息浓郁，语言鲜活，但熟字新义词、超纲词及专业词语多，长句、难句多。政治类文章大多数是同学们感性趣的内容，读起来倒有似曾相识的感觉，经济类文章读起来就像是雾里看花，文章看完，一头雾水。再加之这类文章的命题侧重于词义猜测、推理判断和文章主旨，同学们对这类题材是望而生畏。
【备考策略】建立心理优势。针对不同体裁的文章，我们要采取相应的阅读方法和技巧。政治类文章多采用记叙文形式，我们可采取“顺读法”，以便抓关键语句，领会文章主旨；而经济类文章则多采用说明文形式，我们则可以采取“逆读法”，先读试题，再从文章中查找有用信息。若遇到的确难读的材料。千万不用着急，因为你觉得难，其他人也一定是同感。在高考前，我们就要有这种心理准备，高考试卷肯定有一、两篇难以阅读的材料。不过，我们平时可以有意识地从报刊杂志上找一些较难的阅读材料来阅读，以培养自己迎难而上的心理素质。
【答题方法】
1、寻找主干：
根据英语中五种基本句型结构，把句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来，其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则易于理解。找到了句子主干，句子的意思至少明白了一半。
2、剔除从句：
在一个长句中可能会出现若干个从句，在理解时，如果把各个从句剔除出来单独理解，然后把大意拼凑起来，整个长句的意思就会明白六、七分。
3、辨别分句：
一个长句如果是由几个并列、转折、递进、对比关系的分句组成，句中往往有表示这些分句关系的连接词，只要能弄清楚分句和分句之间的逻辑关系，再把各层分句的意思加以连贯，整个长句的句意基本上能跃然脑中。
4、寻找关键词：
如果一个句子看完，一点句意的感觉也没有，下下策就是抓住句中的关键词，通过关键词大体弄懂这个长句的意思。
