题文
We often use the words growth and development as if they meant essentially the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income (growth) with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens (development).In the past, most development policies were aimed increasing the growth rate of income per capita. Many still are, based on the theory that benefits of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should promote development.
By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than a decade of rapid growth in underdeveloped countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population.
The World Bank study indicated that increases in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did indeed rise, its benefits come down to only a small part of the population. This realization gave rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favored agriculture over industry, called for domestic redistribution of income and wealth, and encouraged programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession, and third world debt forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. However, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefits that reach most of a nation’s people.
小题1:As to the relationship between growth and development, what can we infer from the passage?A．Development is a reliable measure of growth.B．Growth always brings about development.C．Development is not necessarily the result of growth.D．Growth and development refer to the same thing.小题2:According to the study by the World Bank in 1974,economic growth in some background countries brought A．benefit only to a third of their population.B．almost no benefit to a third of their population.C．little benefit to their people.D．no benefit at all to their people.小题3:The programs designed to get rid of poverty were not very well carried out because the governmentA．knew that growth didn’t promise development.B．gave too much attention to increases in GNP per capita.C．wished to replace the programs with new development policies.D．was busy solving other more serious economic problems.小题4:If the passage continues, what is the author most likely to discuss in the next paragraph?A．How to turn growth into development.B．How to remove poverty from society.C．How to decrease third world debt.D．How to cope with economic crises. 题型：未知 难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:A
解析
文章介绍了一般来说成长应该带来发展，但是很多发展中国家的快速发展对三分之一的人口没有什么好处，政府应该致力于把经济增长变成经济发展。
小题1:推理题：从第二段的句子：Many still are, based on the theory that benefits of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should promote development.可知成长应该带来发展，选C
小题2:细节题：从第三段的句子：A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than a decade of rapid growth in underdeveloped countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population.可知发展中国家的快速发展对三分之一的人口没有什么好处，选B
小题3:推理题：从倒数第二段的句子：In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession, and third world debt forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. 可知消除贫困的政策实施的不太好，因为政府把注意力转移到其他更严重的经济问题了，选D
小题4:推理题：从文章最后一段的句子：economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefits that reach most of a nation’s people. 可知下面的段落应该说怎样把增长变成发展，选A。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“We often use the wor.....”主要考查你对 [政治经济类阅读 ]考点的理解。政治经济类阅读
政治经济类文章的概念：
要做好这类阅读，平时就要注意了解国内外发生的政治经济大事，掌握一定背景知识，对这类文章的叙述特点及内容安排有一定了解，还要扩展这方面的词汇。阅读这类文章，要抓住文章的核心，即文章整体和各段主要在说什么，也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系。
如何备考政治经济类阅读理解题：
【题型说明】政治经济类阅读文章是高考常选材料之一。该类文章时代气息浓郁，语言鲜活，但熟字新义词、超纲词及专业词语多，长句、难句多。政治类文章大多数是同学们感性趣的内容，读起来倒有似曾相识的感觉，经济类文章读起来就像是雾里看花，文章看完，一头雾水。再加之这类文章的命题侧重于词义猜测、推理判断和文章主旨，同学们对这类题材是望而生畏。
【备考策略】建立心理优势。针对不同体裁的文章，我们要采取相应的阅读方法和技巧。政治类文章多采用记叙文形式，我们可采取“顺读法”，以便抓关键语句，领会文章主旨；而经济类文章则多采用说明文形式，我们则可以采取“逆读法”，先读试题，再从文章中查找有用信息。若遇到的确难读的材料。千万不用着急，因为你觉得难，其他人也一定是同感。在高考前，我们就要有这种心理准备，高考试卷肯定有一、两篇难以阅读的材料。不过，我们平时可以有意识地从报刊杂志上找一些较难的阅读材料来阅读，以培养自己迎难而上的心理素质。
【答题方法】
1、寻找主干：
根据英语中五种基本句型结构，把句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来，其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则易于理解。找到了句子主干，句子的意思至少明白了一半。
2、剔除从句：
在一个长句中可能会出现若干个从句，在理解时，如果把各个从句剔除出来单独理解，然后把大意拼凑起来，整个长句的意思就会明白六、七分。
3、辨别分句：
一个长句如果是由几个并列、转折、递进、对比关系的分句组成，句中往往有表示这些分句关系的连接词，只要能弄清楚分句和分句之间的逻辑关系，再把各层分句的意思加以连贯，整个长句的句意基本上能跃然脑中。
4、寻找关键词：
如果一个句子看完，一点句意的感觉也没有，下下策就是抓住句中的关键词，通过关键词大体弄懂这个长句的意思。
