题文
Dutch treat is a late-nineteenth-century term, and it originally refers to a dinner where everyone is expected to pay for his own share of the food and drink. If people go “Dutch treat”, or simply “go Dutch”, it means that they will share the expenses of a social engagement.There are many other “Dutch” expressions in English, many of which were invented in Britain in the seventeenth century, when the Dutch and the English were commercial and military rivals. The British used “Dutch” to refer to something bad, cheap and shameful. A “Dutch bargain” at that time was an uneven, one-sided deal; “Dutch reckoning” was an unitemized(未逐条记载的) account; and “Dutch widow” was slang for prostitute. Later centuries brought in “Dutch courage”, for bravery caused by drink; “Dutch concert”, for noisy music; “Dutch nightingale”, meaning a frog; and “double Dutch”, for incomprehensible language or talk.
Some of the expressions are still in use today, but some are not. In fact, in American English, some “Dutch” expressions have nothing to do with the Dutch, but something with the German. It was probably because of the similar spelling and pronunciation that people made a mistake in distinguishing between “Dutch” and “Deutsch” (the German word for German), when German immigrants came to America in the 1700s. For instance, “the Pennsylvania Dutch” refers to the German descendants, instead of the Dutch descendants, living in Pennsylvania.
小题1:Many of the “Dutch” expressions were invented with negative sense, because ___________. A．The Dutch were underdeveloped people.B．Britain and Holland were competitors at that time. C．The Dutch had many bad habits.D．The British were superior to the Dutch.小题2: With the information you get from Paragraph 2, make a guess at the meaning of the sentence “You are in Dutch”. It probably means ____________ .A．You are in Holland. B．You are welcome. C．You are in trouble. D．You are lucky.小题3:According to the passage, some native American “Dutch” expressions were related to the German instead of the Dutch, simply because ______________.A．People hated the German as much as the Dutch. B．People made a mistake at the beginning. C．People made a joke about the German.D．The German immigrants proclaimed that they were Dutch. 题型：未知 难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:B
解析
Dutch treat是十九世纪后期的术语，它原本是指每个人都预期支付他自己份额的食品和饮料的一顿晚餐。如果人们去Dutch treat，或简单地“go Dutch”，这意味着他们将分享参与某一个社会活动的费用。有很多其他含Dutch的英语习语，其中许多被发明了在英国在十七世纪，当时荷兰人和英语是商业和军事竞争对手。英语中用Dutch指坏、 廉价和可耻的东西。 一些表达今天仍在使用。事实上，在美国英语中，含有Dutch的习语与荷兰人无关，但与德国相关。这大概是当德国移民在 18 世纪来到美国时，由于当地人把Dutch和Deutsch (德语中德国人) 这两个在拼写和发音上很相似的词弄混了。
小题1:细节理解题。题干问：许多发明的带有“Dutch”的习语含有否定意义，因为什么？根据文中的the Dutch and the English were commercial and military rivals.（当时荷兰人和英语是商业和军事竞争对手。）可知，选 B。
小题2:推理判断题。题干问：根据从第二段获得的信息，猜一下You are in Dutch的意思。第二段介绍，英国人用" Dutch "指坏、 廉价和可耻的东西。，故选C。（你有麻烦了。）
小题3:细节理解题。题干问：根据本段介绍，一些当地美国人用Dutch习语与德国人而不是荷兰人有关。因为什么？根据最后一段的解释可知，在18世纪德国人来到美国时，当地人在拼写和发音方面混淆了Dutch 和Deutsch（指德国）。故选B。（ 一开始弄错了。）
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Dutch treat is a lat.....”主要考查你对 [政治经济类阅读 ]考点的理解。政治经济类阅读
政治经济类文章的概念：
要做好这类阅读，平时就要注意了解国内外发生的政治经济大事，掌握一定背景知识，对这类文章的叙述特点及内容安排有一定了解，还要扩展这方面的词汇。阅读这类文章，要抓住文章的核心，即文章整体和各段主要在说什么，也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系。
如何备考政治经济类阅读理解题：
【题型说明】政治经济类阅读文章是高考常选材料之一。该类文章时代气息浓郁，语言鲜活，但熟字新义词、超纲词及专业词语多，长句、难句多。政治类文章大多数是同学们感性趣的内容，读起来倒有似曾相识的感觉，经济类文章读起来就像是雾里看花，文章看完，一头雾水。再加之这类文章的命题侧重于词义猜测、推理判断和文章主旨，同学们对这类题材是望而生畏。
【备考策略】建立心理优势。针对不同体裁的文章，我们要采取相应的阅读方法和技巧。政治类文章多采用记叙文形式，我们可采取“顺读法”，以便抓关键语句，领会文章主旨；而经济类文章则多采用说明文形式，我们则可以采取“逆读法”，先读试题，再从文章中查找有用信息。若遇到的确难读的材料。千万不用着急，因为你觉得难，其他人也一定是同感。在高考前，我们就要有这种心理准备，高考试卷肯定有一、两篇难以阅读的材料。不过，我们平时可以有意识地从报刊杂志上找一些较难的阅读材料来阅读，以培养自己迎难而上的心理素质。
【答题方法】
1、寻找主干：
根据英语中五种基本句型结构，把句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来，其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则易于理解。找到了句子主干，句子的意思至少明白了一半。
2、剔除从句：
在一个长句中可能会出现若干个从句，在理解时，如果把各个从句剔除出来单独理解，然后把大意拼凑起来，整个长句的意思就会明白六、七分。
3、辨别分句：
一个长句如果是由几个并列、转折、递进、对比关系的分句组成，句中往往有表示这些分句关系的连接词，只要能弄清楚分句和分句之间的逻辑关系，再把各层分句的意思加以连贯，整个长句的句意基本上能跃然脑中。
4、寻找关键词：
如果一个句子看完，一点句意的感觉也没有，下下策就是抓住句中的关键词，通过关键词大体弄懂这个长句的意思。
