题文
To get an extra 14 years of life, don’t smoke, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly and drink alcohol in a proper amount. That is according to a study published this Monday in the Public Library of Science Medicine Journal.After tracking more than 20,000 people aged 45-79 years in the United Kingdom from about 1993-2007, Kay-Tee, Khaw of the University of Cambridge and his colleagues found that people who adopted these four healthy habits lived an average of 14 years longer than those who didn’t.
“We’ve known for a long time that these behaviors are good things to do, but we’ve not seen this benefit before, ” said Susan Jebb, head of Nutrition and Health at Britain’s Medical Research Council. “The benefit was also seen regardless of whether or not people were fat and what social class they came from.”
Study participants（参与者）scored a point each for not smoking, regular physical activity, eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day and moderate alcohol intake．
Public health experts said they hoped the study would inspire governments to introduce policies helping people to adopt these changes．But because the study only observed people rather than testing specific changes, it would be impossible to conclude that people who suddenly adopted these healthy behaviors would surely gain 14 years．
“We can't say that any person could gain 14 years by doing these things, ”said Dr．Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization．“The 14 years is an average across the population of what's theoretically（理论上地）possible．”
“Most people know that things like a good diet matter and that smoking isn't good for them, ”Susan Jebb said．“We need to work on providing people with much more practical support to help them change．”
小题1:Which of the following DOESN'T belong to the four healthy habits?A．Eat five servings of fruits and vegetables a day．B．Do proper exercise in the morning every day．C．Drinking alcohol in the proper amount every day．D．Having a cigarette before going to bed every day．小题2:We can learn from the passage that ．A．Susan Jebb did not take part in the study．B．the study observed people as well as tested specific changes．C．there's no need for people under 45 to adopt these good habits．D．only those from first class can benefit from these healthy behaviors．小题3:What can be inferred from the passage?A．All the people are well aware of the harm of their bad habits．B．People aged 45 to 70 have bad habits in the United Kingdom．C．Governments should take measures to help people change their bad habits．D．People have adopted the four healthy habits after knowing they're good．小题4:What would be the best title for this passage?A．Smoking and Drinking Cuts You 14 YearsB．How to Live a Much Healthier LifeC．Healthy Habits May Give Extra 14 YearsD．How to Make Your Life Longer Than Others 题型：未知 难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:C
解析
小题1:这是细节理解题。Study participants（参与者）scored a point each for not smoking, regular physical activity, eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day and moderate alcohol intake．只有选项D不再其中，故选D
小题2:这是细节理解题。根据because the study only observed people rather than testing specific changes故排除B;根据The benefit was also seen regardless of whether or not people were fat and what social class they came from．排除选项D，选项C短文中没有提及，故排除C 所以选A
小题3:这是推理判断题。根据Public health experts said they hoped the study would inspire governments to introduce policies helping people to adopt these changes．要政府接受新的变化就能推出要人们改变旧的习惯。故选C
小题4:这是标题归纳题。从短文的首句及文中都可以看出应选C，并且它作为题目还有吸引力。
点评：本文讲述了从美国的45岁至79岁的人群中作的社会调查发现，那些注意饮食、锻炼、适度饮酒的人比那些不注意的人平均多活14岁，并且提出，让政府出面来让人们改变旧的不好习惯。做标题归纳题时注意短文的首句和每一段的首句或尾句。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“To get an extra 14 y.....”主要考查你对 [社会现象类阅读 ]考点的理解。社会现象类阅读
社会现象类阅读概念：
这类文章通过写人记事来揭示文章的主题，显示其社会意义，一般采用顺序或倒叙来叙述。题目经常是一些细节问题。考查的方面可以是原因和其中引发的思考。
社会现象类阅读解题技巧：
这类文章通过写人记事来揭示文章的主题，显示其社会意义，一般采用顺序或倒叙来叙述。题目经常是一些细节问题。考查的方面可以是原因和其中引发的思考。阅读这类文章要理清思路。
1、浏览试题，明确要求。
在阅读文章前，最好先浏览一下文章后面的题干和选项。知道了问题后再去看文章，可使思路更敏捷，而且也便于阅读时留意文中出现的与选项有关的信息。
2、通读全文，抓住主要内容。
在不影响理解的前提下，尽可能地阅读以便在尽可能短的时间内理解文章或段落的内容。阅读时，如遇到不熟悉的单词、词组或一时看不懂的句子，不要停下来苦思冥想，继续读下去，通过上下文的词语和句子可能就理解了。
3、抓住中心思想和段落大意。
通读全文时，要特别注意主题句。每篇文章或每个段落都有与文章有关的句子，尤其是科技、政论性文章的主题句一般都在文章的开头或结尾，插在中间的很少。所以，文章的第一段或开头的第一、二个句子往往包含着文章的中心思想、作者的意图或全文的概述，因此要特别注意，彻底理解。
4、有针对性地仔细阅读，找寻所需信息。
在前面的基础上，可进行有针对性地阅读了。把与问题无关的内容一扫而过，而对于和问题有关的内容认真阅读，还可以用笔在下面做出记号。再把这些信息与问题的要求结合起来，逐条分析，综合判断，找出正确答案。
5、进行合理的推理判断。
对文章有了全面的了解之后，可以按照文章要求以及上下文之间的关系，做出推理判断。在进行推理判断的时候，需要综合考虑句型、语法、句子之间的逻辑关系、文化背景等方面的因素。
6、认真复读，验证答案。
要用全文的中心思想统帅各个题目，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，并依次审核那些还未打上的题目，确保理解无误。
