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Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild, according to a study sure

Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild, according to a study sure

题文

Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild, according to a study sure to cause debate about keeping the giant animals on display. Researchers compared the life spans of elephants in European zoos with those living in Amboseli National Park in Kenya and others working on a timber enterprise in Buma. Animals in the wild or in natural working conditions had life expectancies twice than or more of their relatives in zoos.
Animal care activists have urged in recent years to discourage keeping elephants in zoos, largely because of the lack of space and small numbers of animals that can be kept in a group.
The researchers found that the median life span for African elephants in European zoos was 16.9 years, compared with 56 years for elephants who died of natural causes in Kenya’s Amboseli Park. Adding in those elephants killed by people in Africa lowered the median life expectancy there to 35.9 years. For the more endangered Asian elephants, the median life span in European zoos was 18.9 years, compared with 41.7 years for those working in the Burma Timber Enterprise. Median means half died younger than that age and half lived longer.
There is some good news, though. The life expectancies of zoo elephants have improved in recent years, suggesting an improvement in their care and raising, but “Protecting elephants in Africa and Asia is far more successful than protecting them in Western zoos.”
There are about 1,200 elephants in zoos, half in Europe, researchers concentrated on female elephants, which make up 80 percent of the zoo population. One amazing thing was that Asian elephants born in zoos had shorter life spans that those brought to the zoos from the wild.
Zoos usually lack large areas that elephants are used to in the wild, and that zoo animals often are alone or with one or two other unrelated animals, while in the wild they tend to live in related groups of 8 to 12 animals. In Asian elephants, baby death rates are two to three times higher in zoos than in the Burmese logging camps, and then, in adulthood, zoo-born animals die young. People are not sure why.
小题1:What is argued about in this passage?A.Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild.B.Elephants should not be on display.C.Asian elephants are in danger.D.Asia is far more successful in protecting elephants in zoos.小题2:What does the underlined word “median” mean according to the passage?A.AverageB.Longest. C.Shortest.D.Ordinary.小题3:Which of the following is Not the disadvantage of keeping elephants in zoos?A.Limited number of relatives.B.Lack of space.C.Shorter life expectancy.D.Less attention.小题4:Who are expected to pay more attention to the issue addressed?A.Zoologists.B.Animal care activists.C.Zoo visitors.D.The public. 题型:未知 难度:其他题型

答案


小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:D

解析


文章通过将野生大象和动物园饲养的大象对比,告诉读者:不应该将大象放在动物园中饲养,因为这样会影响它们的健康,缩短它们的寿命。
小题1:这是细节理解题。根据文章内容及第一段的第一句话(Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild, according to a study sure to cause debate about keeping the giant animals on display.)可知,人们对是否应该将大象关在动物园里展览产生了争论,故选B。
小题2:这是细节理解题。根据画线单词所在这一段的内容,尤其是该段的最后一句可知答案,故选A。
小题3:这是细节理解题。根据文章第二段提到了AB两项内容;由第三段内容可得出C项内容,故选D。
小题4:这是细节理解题。根据People are not sure why.故选D。
点评:英语议论文有其独特的框架结构,让读者迅速捕捉作者的观点和思路,值得考生模仿,在文章开头,1.通过主题句鲜明地提出观点或引出将要论述的内容,防止在论述的过程中跑题。常用的句式有:引出话题/过渡,提出观点,表达立场。2.多种形式展示论据。议论文在写作手法上以议论为主,如通过对比观点、阐明原因、列举例子等,但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。议论中的说明常以议论的开展创造条件或是议论的补充;叙述和描写应是为论点提供依据的,因此,叙述应该是概括的,描写应该是简要的。常用的句式有:总述原因,分层论述,列举例子,引出经历,分析原因,讨论后果.3.总结升华,冲申观点。在段或文章的结尾,考生可以用不同的语言表达,重申主题或提出解决问题的建议,从而使文章结构严谨、主题鲜明。常用的句式有:

考点

据考高分专家说,试题“Zoo elephants don’t .....”主要考查你对 [新闻报道类阅读 ]考点的理解。

新闻报道类阅读

新闻报道类阅读的概念:

阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势,这种趋势与当前基础教育改革的目标是一致的,而中学生学习语言的根本目标与基础教育学会求知,学会做事,学会合作,学会做人的目标是一致的,真实新颖的选材对基础英语教学课程改革具有重要的反作用。

新闻报道类阅读理解技巧点拨:       

        新闻报道类类文章有一共同特点,即都是由标题(Headline)、导语(Lead)、主体(Mainbody)、背景(Background)和结尾(End)五部分构成。标题是新闻报道中心思想高度而又精辟的概括;导语位于新闻报道的首段,高度概括新闻事实;主体则对导语概括的新闻事实进行详细叙述;新闻背景是指新闻事实之外,对新闻事实或新闻事实的某个部分进行解释或补充的材料;结尾往往是新闻事件的结果或动态展望,也是中心思想的概括并常常与新闻导语相呼应。
        新闻报道中的导语非常重要,它位于文章的第一段,通过它点出新闻的主题,五个W和一个H(When,Where,Who,What,Why和How)通常是构成一则完整消息不可缺少的要素。文章往往呈现出“倒金字塔”的特征,因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。
       另外,从句的使用也是此类文章的一大语言特色,因为从句信息量大,适合新闻报道的要求。此外,大量的副词和插入语的使用也是此类文章的特点。为使文章更客观、更具信服力,常用The study said…, Scientists believe that…Experts said…, It's reported that…, According to the survey…等语言。同事在阅读过程中,我们要对材料所提供信息如when, where, who, how, why等进行提问,将信息迅速提炼出来。

新闻报道类阅读应试策略:

【命题趋势】
阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势,这种趋势与当前基础教育改革的目标是一致的,而中学生学习语言的根本目标与基础教育学会求知,学会做事,学会合作,学会做人的目标是一致的,真实新颖的选材对基础英语教学课程改革具有重要的反作用。时文报道就在文章中体现了这一要求。主要表现在以下几个方面:
1、反映海内外事件,文章结构严谨,内容贴近生活,用现代英语反映现代生活。
2、如果是新闻报道,都有比较固定的写作格式,如文首通常有报道的地点或时间,第一句话常常是文章的导语,有助于了解文章的大致内容和主题。
3、如果是新闻报道则是记叙文,有地点、时间、人物、事物等要素。
4、有许多大量反映当代社会变化的新词汇和表达方式。
5、命题既重细节,又重推理和主旨。
6、大背景中的小事件,大事件中的小插曲往往是选材的热点。
【应试对策
1、在平时学习中,关注生活,阅读新闻报道和广告类文章、把阅读时事文章作为学习英语的重要途径。
2、了解新的词汇和表达方式。如:tsunami海啸,MP3players(MP3)播放器,well_offsociety小康社会等。
3、抓住文章主题,准确捕捉细节和内涵,进行合理的推理。
4、品味新闻的标题,联系平时所积累的知识,为了解材料大意作铺垫。
5、了解新闻报道的特殊规律,其内容和多含何人、何地、何事、何时等,阅读时要抓住新闻的这一主要特点去理解判断。
6、要注意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字,因为这很有可能是材料的核心或至少是一部分内容的概括。

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