题文
At least 10 million hectares of cultivated(耕作)land in China are polluted, which makes a grave threat to the country’s food safety, the Xinhua News Agency reported on Friday.The polluted land,which is mostly in economically developed areas,accounts for one-tenth of the country’s total arable(可耕种的)land,according to an incomplete survey by the State Environmental Protection Administration,China’s top environment watchdog.
Pollution on cultivated land threatens the environment,food safety and the sustainable development of agriculture,the administration said.
Because of continual,too much use of chemical fertilizer, pesticide and agricultural plastic sheeting, as well as irrigation using polluted water, a large amount of contaminants(污染物)remain in the cultivated land.
The contaminants affect the soil’s ecological structure and function,leading to decreased soil productivity, lower crop yield(产量),and lower quality of agricultural products-
It also leads to worse water quality in rural areas.
Less than 9 per cent of drinkable water passed checks for bacteria in243 rural water supply stations across the county.
Another survey, which took samples of drinking water and groundwater an 69 small towns。 in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Province of North,China, showed that more than half of the water contains too much nitrate(硝酸盐),which may cause diabetes(糖尿病)and damage the kidney.
The administration estimated at least 1 90 million farmers are drinking water that contains harmful substances.
Many villagers drink unfiltered water taken from shallow water wells or water cellars, which are reported to have poor sanitary conditions·
小题1:The author writes the passage to . A.1et the readers examine their mistakesB.present the readers a new ideaC.come up with a solution to ending farmland pollutionD.inform the readers of the importance of fighting farmland pollution小题2:The underlined word “grave” in Paragraph 1 probably meansA.seriousB.certainC.bigD.terrible小题3:Pollution on cultivated land leads to the following outcomes EXCEPT . A.a threat to China’s food safetyB.worse water quality in rural areasC.a variety of diseasesD.the sustainable development of agriculture 题型:未知 难度:其他题型
答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:D
解析
本文主要讲述的就是中国的土壤污染问题,以及土壤污染给人们带来的危害。
小题1:D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段At least 10 million hectares of cultivated(耕作)land in China are polluted, which makes a grave threat to the country’s food safety,说明现在的土壤污染的严重性,故D正确。
小题2:A 推理题。根据本句At least 10 million hectares of cultivated(耕作)land in China are polluted, which makes a grave threat to the country’s food safety,说明很多的耕地受到了污染,对我国的食品安全是一个非常大的威胁,该词应该吃严重的,故A正确。
小题3:D 细节题。根据文章第三段和第七段too much nitrate(硝酸盐),which may cause diabetes(糖尿病)and damage the kidney. Another survey, which took samples of drinking water and groundwater an 69 small towns。Pollution on cultivated land threatens the environment,food safety and the sustainable development of agriculture,the administration said. ABC三项都是文章中提及的污染问题,只有D项没有涉及,故D符合题意。
点评:本文属于健康类的短文阅读,本文主旨鲜明,很容易在文中找到答案。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句,因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题,再读全文,找出答题所需要的依据,完成阅读任务。
考点
据考高分专家说,试题“At least 10 million .....”主要考查你对 [新闻报道类阅读 ]考点的理解。新闻报道类阅读
新闻报道类阅读的概念:
阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势,这种趋势与当前基础教育改革的目标是一致的,而中学生学习语言的根本目标与基础教育学会求知,学会做事,学会合作,学会做人的目标是一致的,真实新颖的选材对基础英语教学课程改革具有重要的反作用。
新闻报道类阅读理解技巧点拨:
新闻报道类类文章有一共同特点,即都是由标题(Headline)、导语(Lead)、主体(Mainbody)、背景(Background)和结尾(End)五部分构成。标题是新闻报道中心思想高度而又精辟的概括;导语位于新闻报道的首段,高度概括新闻事实;主体则对导语概括的新闻事实进行详细叙述;新闻背景是指新闻事实之外,对新闻事实或新闻事实的某个部分进行解释或补充的材料;结尾往往是新闻事件的结果或动态展望,也是中心思想的概括并常常与新闻导语相呼应。
新闻报道中的导语非常重要,它位于文章的第一段,通过它点出新闻的主题,五个W和一个H(When,Where,Who,What,Why和How)通常是构成一则完整消息不可缺少的要素。文章往往呈现出“倒金字塔”的特征,因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。
另外,从句的使用也是此类文章的一大语言特色,因为从句信息量大,适合新闻报道的要求。此外,大量的副词和插入语的使用也是此类文章的特点。为使文章更客观、更具信服力,常用The study said…, Scientists believe that…Experts said…, It's reported that…, According to the survey…等语言。同事在阅读过程中,我们要对材料所提供信息如when, where, who, how, why等进行提问,将信息迅速提炼出来。
新闻报道类阅读应试策略:
【命题趋势】
阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势,这种趋势与当前基础教育改革的目标是一致的,而中学生学习语言的根本目标与基础教育学会求知,学会做事,学会合作,学会做人的目标是一致的,真实新颖的选材对基础英语教学课程改革具有重要的反作用。时文报道就在文章中体现了这一要求。主要表现在以下几个方面:
1、反映海内外事件,文章结构严谨,内容贴近生活,用现代英语反映现代生活。
2、如果是新闻报道,都有比较固定的写作格式,如文首通常有报道的地点或时间,第一句话常常是文章的导语,有助于了解文章的大致内容和主题。
3、如果是新闻报道则是记叙文,有地点、时间、人物、事物等要素。
4、有许多大量反映当代社会变化的新词汇和表达方式。
5、命题既重细节,又重推理和主旨。
6、大背景中的小事件,大事件中的小插曲往往是选材的热点。
【应试对策】
1、在平时学习中,关注生活,阅读新闻报道和广告类文章、把阅读时事文章作为学习英语的重要途径。
2、了解新的词汇和表达方式。如:tsunami海啸,MP3players(MP3)播放器,well_offsociety小康社会等。
3、抓住文章主题,准确捕捉细节和内涵,进行合理的推理。
4、品味新闻的标题,联系平时所积累的知识,为了解材料大意作铺垫。
5、了解新闻报道的特殊规律,其内容和多含何人、何地、何事、何时等,阅读时要抓住新闻的这一主要特点去理解判断。
6、要注意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字,因为这很有可能是材料的核心或至少是一部分内容的概括。



