题文
Ethiopia has greatly reduced its death rates for children under the age of five years during the last two decades, new UN statistics show. The report says Ethiopia has cut the number of child deaths, by two thirds or so, to 68 per 1,000 births compared to that in 1990.The government owed the improved figures to its growing economy. Despite the reduction, the UN Children's Fund said Ethiopia needed to do much more to improve health facilities(设施) for pregnant women.
Ethiopia is one of Africa's poorest states, although it has experienced rapid economic growth in recent years and is one of the continent's leading coffee producers. Its economy centers around agriculture, which in turn relies on rainfall.
The BBC's Emmanuel Igunza in the capital, Addis Ababa, says Ethiopia was once representative of poor nutrition in Africa. But the latest UNICEF(联合国儿童基金会) figures show Ethiopia is one of the few African countries on the path to realizing the development goal of reducing child death rates, he says.
Ethiopia's Health Minister Kesetebirhan Admasu said increasing family incomes had helped improve people's health. "This has also resulted in better nutrition for children and women; this has translated into better medical conditions —— all these have a direct or indirect influence on the survival of children," he told BBC Africa. He said the government has also been "aggressively expanding its primary health care network".
"We have now 93% coverage( 覆盖) of one health centre for 25,000 people, which basically means one health facility within a 7km area," he said.
小题1:How many in 1000 births would die in Ethiopia in 1990?A．about 680B．about 330C．about 68D．about 200小题2:Which of the following statements is true?A．Ethiopian children benefit from its fastest economy growing.B．Ethiopia has a long way to go to improve health facilities.C．Ethiopia is the economic center because of its rich rainfall.D．Ethiopia has already become a rich state in Africa.小题3:What do we know according to the latest UNICEF figures?A．Many African countries have high child death rates now.B．Ethiopia is the only country that has reduced child death rates.C．Ethiopia is the most successful in reducing child death rates.D．Ethiopia was once known for its poor nutrition in Africa.小题4:What Kesetebirhan Admasu said shows that_______.A．agricultural incomes have helped improve all the people's health in AfricaB．now the health care network is perfect in EthiopiaC．93% of the 25,000 people enjoy health centers in EthiopiaD．the government has been taking active measures to improve people's health 题型：未知 难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:D
解析
联合国一项新的统计数据显示，过去20年间，埃塞俄比亚低于五岁的儿童的死亡率下降了三分之二左右。这归功于经济的发展。但是在改善孕妇保健、儿童营养、卫生医疗保健等方面还有更多的事情要做。
小题1:D 推理判断题。根据“The report says Ethiopia has cut the number of child deaths, by two thirds or so, to 68 per 1,000 births compared to that in 1990.”现在低于五岁的儿童的死亡率与1990年相比下降了三分之二左右，也就是说是1990的三分之一左右，每千人为 68人。那么将数字68X3=204，约为200。故D项正确。
小题2:B推理判断题。根据“the UN Children's Fund said Ethiopia needed to do much more to improve health facilities(设施) for pregnant women.”判断B正确。
小题3:A推理判断题。根据“… Ethiopia is one of the few African countries on the path to realizing the development goal of reducing child death rates, he says.”这一句是说“埃塞俄比亚是正在努力实现降低儿童死亡率发展性目标尾数很少的国家之一”，由此可知“许多非洲国家儿童的死亡率还相当高”
小题4:D推理判断题。Ethiopia's Health Minister Kesetebirhan Admasu在接受采访时说到了“增加家庭收入，改善妇女儿童的营养状况；改善医疗条件；可达卫生保健网络”等等都是“政府采取的积极措施来提高人们的身体健康水平”。故D项正确。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Ethiopia has greatly.....”主要考查你对 [新闻报道类阅读 ]考点的理解。新闻报道类阅读
新闻报道类阅读的概念：
阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势，这种趋势与当前基础教育改革的目标是一致的，而中学生学习语言的根本目标与基础教育学会求知，学会做事，学会合作，学会做人的目标是一致的，真实新颖的选材对基础英语教学课程改革具有重要的反作用。
新闻报道类阅读理解技巧点拨：
新闻报道类类文章有一共同特点，即都是由标题（Headline）、导语（Lead）、主体（Mainbody）、背景（Background）和结尾（End）五部分构成。标题是新闻报道中心思想高度而又精辟的概括；导语位于新闻报道的首段，高度概括新闻事实；主体则对导语概括的新闻事实进行详细叙述；新闻背景是指新闻事实之外，对新闻事实或新闻事实的某个部分进行解释或补充的材料；结尾往往是新闻事件的结果或动态展望，也是中心思想的概括并常常与新闻导语相呼应。
新闻报道中的导语非常重要，它位于文章的第一段，通过它点出新闻的主题，五个W和一个H(When,Where,Who,What,Why和How)通常是构成一则完整消息不可缺少的要素。文章往往呈现出“倒金字塔”的特征，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。
另外，从句的使用也是此类文章的一大语言特色，因为从句信息量大，适合新闻报道的要求。此外，大量的副词和插入语的使用也是此类文章的特点。为使文章更客观、更具信服力，常用The study said…, Scientists believe that…Experts said…, It's reported that…, According to the survey…等语言。同事在阅读过程中，我们要对材料所提供信息如when, where, who, how, why等进行提问，将信息迅速提炼出来。
新闻报道类阅读应试策略：
【命题趋势】
阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势，这种趋势与当前基础教育改革的目标是一致的，而中学生学习语言的根本目标与基础教育学会求知，学会做事，学会合作，学会做人的目标是一致的，真实新颖的选材对基础英语教学课程改革具有重要的反作用。时文报道就在文章中体现了这一要求。主要表现在以下几个方面：
1、反映海内外事件，文章结构严谨，内容贴近生活，用现代英语反映现代生活。
2、如果是新闻报道，都有比较固定的写作格式，如文首通常有报道的地点或时间，第一句话常常是文章的导语，有助于了解文章的大致内容和主题。
3、如果是新闻报道则是记叙文，有地点、时间、人物、事物等要素。
4、有许多大量反映当代社会变化的新词汇和表达方式。
5、命题既重细节，又重推理和主旨。
6、大背景中的小事件，大事件中的小插曲往往是选材的热点。
【应试对策】
1、在平时学习中，关注生活，阅读新闻报道和广告类文章、把阅读时事文章作为学习英语的重要途径。
2、了解新的词汇和表达方式。如：tsunami海啸，MP3players(MP3)播放器，well_offsociety小康社会等。
3、抓住文章主题，准确捕捉细节和内涵，进行合理的推理。
4、品味新闻的标题，联系平时所积累的知识，为了解材料大意作铺垫。
5、了解新闻报道的特殊规律，其内容和多含何人、何地、何事、何时等，阅读时要抓住新闻的这一主要特点去理解判断。
6、要注意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是材料的核心或至少是一部分内容的概括。
