Thousands of puffins(海鹦) live in Maine and on islands in the Gulf of Maine. But

题文

Thousands of puffins(海鹦) live in Maine and on islands in the Gulf of Maine. But the puffins may be in danger. Last summer, the percentage of laid eggs that successfully produced baby puffins took a dive. Scientists also found a decline in the average body weight of the adult and baby puffins on Machias Seal Island, home to the area’s largest colony. Over the winter, dozens of the seabirds from the region were found dead, likely from starvation.
What’s causing the puffin trouble? Scientists think it may be a shortage of food. With ocean temperatures rising, fish populations have moved around. Normally, puffins’ primary food source is herring, a type of fish. A lack of herring in the area could be causing the problem.
Butterfish from the south have become more abundant in the Gulf of Maine and could be a new food source for birds. But Steve Kress says butterfish may be too big and round for baby puffins to swallow.
Puffins spend most of their lives at sea. They come ashore to breed each spring and return to the ocean in August. The chicks swim to sea about 40 days after hatching. Puffin populations stretch across the North Atlantic, from Maine to northern Russia.
Maine’s puffin population has been at risk in the past. In the 1800s, they were hunted for their food, eggs and feathers. By 1901, only one pair of puffins remained in the state. Thanks to the help of local lighthouse keepers and seabird restoration programs, the state’s puffin population has been restored to more than 2,000 birds.
Scientists aren’t sure what will happen to the Gulf of Maine’s puffins. The birds may move further north. Kress says he hopes the Gulf population will sustain itself and then he continued. “You never know what climate change will bring,” Kress said. “Historically fish could move out and more southerly fish could move in, and puffins may adapt to the new fish. only they will know how the story will unfold.”
小题1:The underlined phrase “took a dive” means _______.A．increasedB．aroseC．reducedD．changed小题2:In the scientists’ opinion, ________ is contributing to the puffin trouble.A．a lack of herringB．environmental pollutionC．the increase of birdsD．the huge size of butterfish小题3:It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A．Maine’s puffin once nearly became extinctB．Maine’s puffins’ eggs were of high pricesC．baby puffins grew up quicklyD．the number of Maine’s puffins is worrying小题4:Judging from Kress’s words in the last paragraph, we know ________.A．climate change matters littleB．there is cause for concernC．the new fish won’t harm puffinsD．puffins may move to the south小题5:How is the second paragraph mainly developed?A．By giving examples.B．By making comparisons.C．By following time order.D．By asking questions 题型：未知 难度：其他题型

答案

小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:D

解析

文章介绍美国缅因州的海鹦面临危险，原因可能是因为食物的缺乏，也有认为的捕杀造成的。
小题1:猜词题：从第一段的句子：But the puffins may be in danger. 可知现在海鹦成功孵出小鸟的成功几率在减少，选C
小题2:细节题：从第二段的句子：. A lack of herring in the area could be causing the problem. 可知科学家认为是缺少鲱鱼导致海鹦的问题。选A。
小题3:细节题：从文章第四段的句子：Maine’s puffin population has been at risk in the past.可知Maine的海鹦曾经几乎要灭绝，选A
小题4:推理题：从最后一段的句子：“You never know what climate change will bring,”可知Kress 认为有担心的理由，选B
小题5:细节题：从第二段的句子：What’s causing the puffin trouble?可知这段是通过问问题来写的，选D

考点

据考高分专家说，试题“Thousands of puffins.....”主要考查你对 [新闻报道类阅读 ]考点的理解。

新闻报道类阅读

新闻报道类阅读的概念：

阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势，这种趋势与当前基础教育改革的目标是一致的，而中学生学习语言的根本目标与基础教育学会求知，学会做事，学会合作，学会做人的目标是一致的，真实新颖的选材对基础英语教学课程改革具有重要的反作用。

新闻报道类阅读理解技巧点拨：       

        新闻报道类类文章有一共同特点，即都是由标题（Headline）、导语（Lead）、主体（Mainbody）、背景（Background）和结尾（End）五部分构成。标题是新闻报道中心思想高度而又精辟的概括；导语位于新闻报道的首段，高度概括新闻事实；主体则对导语概括的新闻事实进行详细叙述；新闻背景是指新闻事实之外，对新闻事实或新闻事实的某个部分进行解释或补充的材料；结尾往往是新闻事件的结果或动态展望，也是中心思想的概括并常常与新闻导语相呼应。
        新闻报道中的导语非常重要，它位于文章的第一段，通过它点出新闻的主题，五个W和一个H(When,Where,Who,What,Why和How)通常是构成一则完整消息不可缺少的要素。文章往往呈现出“倒金字塔”的特征，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。
       另外，从句的使用也是此类文章的一大语言特色，因为从句信息量大，适合新闻报道的要求。此外，大量的副词和插入语的使用也是此类文章的特点。为使文章更客观、更具信服力，常用The study said…, Scientists believe that…Experts said…, It's reported that…, According to the survey…等语言。同事在阅读过程中，我们要对材料所提供信息如when, where, who, how, why等进行提问，将信息迅速提炼出来。

新闻报道类阅读应试策略：

【命题趋势】
阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势，这种趋势与当前基础教育改革的目标是一致的，而中学生学习语言的根本目标与基础教育学会求知，学会做事，学会合作，学会做人的目标是一致的，真实新颖的选材对基础英语教学课程改革具有重要的反作用。时文报道就在文章中体现了这一要求。主要表现在以下几个方面：
1、反映海内外事件，文章结构严谨，内容贴近生活，用现代英语反映现代生活。
2、如果是新闻报道，都有比较固定的写作格式，如文首通常有报道的地点或时间，第一句话常常是文章的导语，有助于了解文章的大致内容和主题。
3、如果是新闻报道则是记叙文，有地点、时间、人物、事物等要素。
4、有许多大量反映当代社会变化的新词汇和表达方式。
5、命题既重细节，又重推理和主旨。
6、大背景中的小事件，大事件中的小插曲往往是选材的热点。
【应试对策】
1、在平时学习中，关注生活，阅读新闻报道和广告类文章、把阅读时事文章作为学习英语的重要途径。
2、了解新的词汇和表达方式。如：tsunami海啸，MP3players(MP3)播放器，well_offsociety小康社会等。
3、抓住文章主题，准确捕捉细节和内涵，进行合理的推理。
4、品味新闻的标题，联系平时所积累的知识，为了解材料大意作铺垫。
5、了解新闻报道的特殊规律，其内容和多含何人、何地、何事、何时等，阅读时要抓住新闻的这一主要特点去理解判断。
6、要注意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是材料的核心或至少是一部分内容的概括。