题文
Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information for the passage. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.Aids today
Aids, the short form for acquired immune deficiency syndrome, is caused by a virus called HIV, which enters a person’s blood and attacks the body’s immune (免疫的) system. There is no cure for HIV or Aids, and after a person has been infected, he or she will always carry the virus. Sometimes, infected people have no outward symptoms.
HIV and Aids are spreading across the world at a frightening rate, with about 14,000 people being infected daily. The virus is spread in three ways -- through unprotected sex, blood-blood contact and mother-to-child transmission. Unprotected sex is the most common way that the virus is spread, accounting for 75 percent of adult infections worldwide.
Although many people are familiar with Aids and how it is transmitted, more than a few people hold the view that HIV and Aids are an African problem because the infection rates there are very high. However, HIV and Aids are a problem all over the world. Since the disease was discovered in the 1980s, it has become a serious problem in many places, infecting over 60 million people worldwide. According to the World Health Organization estimates from 2005, more than 4 million children had died from Aids, and more than 14 million children had lost their parents to Aids. All of this makes it clear that something must be done to stop this deadly disease.
The government is working hard to control the Aids epidemic and has opened labs to test and monitor the disease. In 2003, the government also started providing free drugs for Aids patients in need.
The United Nations has been very involved in fighting HIV and Aids around the world for many years now. UNAIDS, an organization founded in 1996, helps prevent the spread of Aids. The work includes providing infected people with help from doctors and testing for people. The organization also offers programs that teach Aids prevention to young people and sets up treatment centers.
解析
文章介绍有关艾滋病的基本常识;艾滋病的危害，它的传播方式，采取的措施。
小题1:原词重现题：根据第一段的句子：Aids, the short form for acquired immune deficiency syndrome, 可知Aids是acquired immune deficiency syndrome的缩写形式, 填short/the short form。
小题2:原词重现题：根据第二段的句子和右边的内容：HIV and Aids are spreading across the world at a frightening rate, 可知这部分讲的是艾滋病的传播方式。填Spreading。
小题3:原词重现题：根据第二段的句子：The virus is spread in three ways -- through unprotected sex,可知艾滋病毒可以通过没有保护的性接触传播。填unprotected。
小题4:原词重现题：根据第二段的句子：blood-blood contact and mother-to-child transmission. 可知艾滋病毒可以通过母婴传播。填transmission。
小题5:数字题：根据第三段的句子：it has become a serious problem in many places, infecting over 60 million people worldwide. 60 million=60，000 thousand .
小题6:词性转化题：根据第三段的句子：According to the World Health Organization estimates from 2005, more than 4 million children had died from Aids, and more than 14 million children had lost their parents to Aids. 可知将died改成death(s)
小题7:词性转化题：根据第三段的句子：According to the World Health Organization estimates from 2005, more than 4 million children had died from Aids, and more than 14 million children had lost their parents to Aids. 可知将lost改成without/ losing。
小题8:归纳题：根据右边的内容，可知介绍的是政府采取的措施。填Measures。
小题9:词性转化题：根据第四段的句子： The government is working hard to control the Aids epidemic and has opened labs to test and monitor the disease. 可知将monitor改成 monitoring。
小题10:词性转化题：根据第四段的句子：The work includes providing infected people with help from doctors and testing for people. 可知将providing改成 provide
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Directions: Read the.....”主要考查你对 [序数词 ]考点的理解。序数词
序数词的概念：
表示顺序的数称为序数词。如：first, second, third, fourth。
序数词的构成与用法：
1、序数词的构成：
①一般来说，是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成。
例：four＋th→fourth
six＋th→sixth
seven＋th→seventh
ten＋th→tenth
②下面这些基数词在变为序数词时，有特殊的变化。
例：one→first
two→second
three→third
five→fifth
eight→eighth
nine→ninth
twelve→twelfth
③十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y变成i，然后再加eth。
例：twenty→twentieth
thirty→thirtieth
forty→fortieth
ninety→ninetieth
④两位或两位以上的基数词变成序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。
例：twenty－one→twenty－first
thirty－five→thirty－fifth
a hundred and fifty－three→a hundred and fifty－third
2、序数词的用法：
①序数词在使用时，一般加上定冠词。
例：the first book
the second floor
the third day
the fourth week．
②序数词在多数情况下都用作定语，有的也可以作表语、主语和宾语。
例：The may1st is Labour Day. 五月一日是劳动节。
My room is on the second floor. 我的房间在二楼。
The first is larger than the secon.（主语）第一个比第二个大。
Read the book from the first.（宾语）从开头读这本书。
You'll be the sixth to write.（表语）你将是第六个写的。
③序数词的前面可以加上不定冠词，用来表示“再一”，“又一”的意思。
例：You may have a third try. 你可以第三次尝试。
序数词知识体系：
约数的表达方法：
用tens/dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions of 表示“几十、几百、上千、成千上万”等。
如：The boy bought dozens of pencils.
Thousands of people died in the earthquake.
注意： (A)：dozen, score, hundred, thousand, million等表示确切数量时，不用复数。
如：five dozen (of) eggs 五打鸡蛋
hree hundred people 三百个人
分数词的构成和用法：
1）分数词构成法：
分数词（FractionalNumerals）由基数词和序数词构成，基数词代表分子，序数词代表分母。除了分子为1的情况下，序数词都要用复数形式：
如：1/4：one-fourth
5/9：five-ninths
2/3：two-thirds
17/5：three and two-fifths
7/12：seven-twelfths
379/8：forty-seven and three-eighths
此外还有下面表示法：
如：1/2：a(one) half
1/4：a(one) quarter
3/4：three-quarters
9/4：two and a quarter
3/2：one and half
31/4：seven and three quarters
